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3/ Ta có \(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)+2abc\)
\(=\left[ab\left(a+b\right)+abc\right]+\left[bc\left(b+c\right)+abc\right]+\left[ca\left(c+a\right)+ca\right]-abc\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)ab+\left(a+b+c\right)bc+\left(a+b+c\right)ca-abc\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\)= -abc
Suy ra \(P=\frac{-abc}{abc}=-1\)
Vậy..
Theo t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}=\frac{x+y+z}{a+b+c}=x+y+z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{a^2}=\frac{y^2}{b^2}=\frac{z^2}{c^2}=\left(x+y+z\right)^2\left(1\right)\)
Theo t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{a^2}=\frac{y^2}{b^2}=\frac{z^2}{c^2}=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=x^2+y^2+z^2\) \(\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)=0\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+xz=0\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(P=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\frac{2009}{xy+yz+zx}=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\frac{1}{xy+yz+zx}+\frac{1}{xy+yz+zx}+\frac{2007}{xy+yz+zx}\)
\(P\ge\frac{9}{x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx}+\frac{2007}{\frac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\)
\(P\ge\frac{9}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}+\frac{6021}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=\frac{6030}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\ge\frac{6030}{3^2}=670\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Áp dụng BĐT Côsi dưới dạng engel, ta có:
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{x+y+z}=\frac{9}{x+y+z}\)
⇒\(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right).\frac{9}{x+y+z}\) = 9
Dấu "=" xảy ra ⇔ x = y = z
1 ) Đề bài > not \(\ge\)
Giả sử đpcm là đúng , khi đó , ta có :
\(x^2+y^2+8>xy+2x+2y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+16>2xy+4x+4y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+8>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+8>0\left(1\right)\)
Do \(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+8\ge8>0\forall x;y\left(2\right)\)
Từ ( 1 ) ; ( 2 ) => Điều giả sử là đúng => đpcm
2 ) ĐK : a ; b ; c không âm
Áp dụng BĐT phụ \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\) ( cái này bạn áp dụng BĐT Cô - si để c/m ) , ta có :
\(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+b+c+c+a}=\frac{9}{6.2}=\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\)
3 ) Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho các cặp số không âm , ta có :
\(x^2+y^2\ge2xy;y^2+z^2\ge2yz;x^2+z^2\ge2xz\)
\(\Rightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2\ge2xy+2yz+2xz\left(1\right)\)
\(x^2+1\ge2x;y^2+1\ge2y;z^2+1\ge2z\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+3\ge2x+2y+2z\left(2\right)\)
Từ ( 1 ) ; ( 2 ) , ta có : \(2x^2+2y^2+2z^2+x^2+y^2+z^2+3\ge2xy+2yz+2xz+2x+2y+2z\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+1\right)\ge2\left(x+y+z+2xy+2xz+2yz\right)=2.6=12\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+1\ge4\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge3\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Ta có: \(A+B=\frac{x-y}{1+xy}+\frac{y-z}{1+yz}=\frac{\left(x-z\right)\left(y^2+1\right)}{\left(1+xy\right)\left(1+yz\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A+B+C=\frac{\left(x-z\right)\left(y^2+1\right)}{\left(1+xy\right)\left(1+yz\right)}+\frac{z-x}{1+zx}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}{\left(1+xy\right)\left(1+yz\right)\left(1+zx\right)}\left(1\right)\)
Từ: \(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow A+B+C=ABC\left(đpcm\right)\)
2) Có: \(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2=4\left(ab+bc+ac\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT=4\left[\left(ab\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2+\left(ac\right)^2-2abc\left(a+b+c\right)\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT=4\left(ab\right)^2+4\left(ac\right)^2+4\left(bc\right)^2\)
Có: \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a+b=-c\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=c^2\Leftrightarrow2ab=c^2-a^2-b^2\)
Tương tự:...
\(VT=\text{Σ}_{cyc}\left(c^2-a^2-b^2\right)^2=2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)=VP\)
Ta có: \(A+B=\frac{x-z-y^2z+xy^2}{\left(1+xy\right)\left(1+yz\right)}\)
\(A+B+C=\frac{x-z+xy^2-y^2z}{\left(1+xy\right)\left(1+yz\right)}+\frac{z-x}{1+zx}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}{\left(1+xy\right)\left(1+yz\right)\left(1+zx\right)}=ABC\)