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\(P=\frac{ab+bc+ca}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\left(a+b+c\right)^2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{ab+bc+ca}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{ab+bc+ca}+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{ab+bc+ca}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{8\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{ab+bc+ca}+18\)
\(\ge2+8+18=28\)
Ta có: \(\frac{19a+3}{b^2+1}=\left(19a+3\right).\frac{1}{b^2+1}=\left(19a+3\right)\left(1-\frac{b^2}{b^2+1}\right)\)
\(\ge\left(19a+3\right)\left(1-\frac{b^2}{2b}\right)=\left(19a+3\right)\left(1-\frac{b}{2}\right)\)
\(=19a+3-\frac{19ab}{2}-\frac{3b}{2}\)(1)
Hoàn toàn tương tự, ta có: \(\frac{19b+3}{c^2+1}\ge19b+3-\frac{19bc}{2}-\frac{3c}{2}\)(2); \(\frac{19c+3}{a^2+1}\ge19c+3-\frac{19ca}{2}-\frac{3a}{2}\)(3)
Cộng theo vế của 3 BĐT (1), (2), (3), ta được: \(A=\frac{19a+3}{b^2+1}+\frac{19b+3}{c^2+1}+\frac{19c+3}{a^2+1}\)\(\ge19\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}-\frac{19\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{2}+9\)
\(=\frac{35\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}-\frac{19\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{2}+9\)
\(\ge\frac{35.\sqrt{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}}{2}-\frac{19.3}{2}+9=\frac{105}{2}-\frac{57}{2}+9=33\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1.
Ta có: \(\frac{2a^3}{a^6+bc}\le\frac{2a^3}{2a^3\sqrt{bc}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc}}\\ \)
CMTT: \(\frac{2b^3}{b^6+ca}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca}}\)
\(\frac{2c^3}{c^6+ab}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2a^3}{a^6+bc}+\frac{2b^3}{b^6+ca}+\frac{2c^3}{c^6+ab}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}\)\(=\) \(\frac{\sqrt{bc}}{bc}+\frac{\sqrt{ac}}{ac}+\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{ab}\)
\(\le\frac{a+c}{2ac}+\frac{b+c}{2bc}+\frac{a+b}{2ab}=\frac{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{2abc}=\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}\) \(\le\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{abc}=\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ac}+\frac{c}{ab}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi : a = b = c =1
Đầu tiên ta chứng minh bổ đề.
Ta có
\(6=3.\frac{a^2}{3}+2.\frac{b^2}{2}+c^2\)
\(\ge6.\sqrt[6]{\left(\frac{a^2}{3}\right)^3.\left(\frac{b^2}{2}\right)^2.c^2}=6.\sqrt[6]{\frac{a^6b^4c^2}{3^3.2^2}}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^6b^4c^2\le3^3.2^2\)
Ta lại có:
\(P=3.\frac{a}{3bc}+4.\frac{b}{2ca}+5.\frac{c}{ab}\)
\(\ge12.\sqrt[12]{\left(\frac{a}{3bc}\right)^3.\left(\frac{b}{2ca}\right)^4.\left(\frac{c}{ab}\right)^5}\)
\(=\frac{12}{\sqrt[12]{3^3.2^4}.\sqrt[12]{a^6b^4c^2}}\)
\(\ge\frac{12}{\sqrt[12]{3^3.2^4}.\sqrt[12]{3^3.2^2}}=2\sqrt{6}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=\sqrt{3}\\b=\sqrt{2}\\c=1\end{cases}}\)
Áp dụng bdt AM-GM
\(\frac{a}{b^3+ab}=\frac{1}{b}-\frac{b}{a+b^2}\ge\frac{1}{b}-\frac{b}{2\sqrt{ab^2}}=\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}\)\(\ge\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+1\right)\)
CMTT, ta được
\(\frac{b}{c^3+bc}\ge\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b}+1\right);\frac{c}{a^3+ac}\ge\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{c}+1\right)\)
Cộng ba bdt
VT \(\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)-\frac{3}{4}\)
Quy bài toán về cm
\(\frac{3}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)-\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge3\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+a\right)+\left(\frac{1}{b}+b\right)+\left(\frac{1}{c}+c\right)\ge6\) ( vì a+b+c=3)
Dễ dàng chứng minh bđt cuối bằng cách áp dụng AM-GM trực tiếp
ĐPCM
Dễ thấy theo AM - GM ta có:
\(P\ge3\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{\frac{a+b}{c+ab}\cdot\sqrt{\frac{b+c}{a+bc}}\cdot\sqrt{\frac{c+a}{b+ca}}}}\)
Ta cần chứng minh \(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\left(c+ab\right)\left(a+bc\right)\left(b+ca\right)\)
Mặt khác theo AM - GM:
\(\left(c+ab\right)\left(a+bc\right)\le\frac{\left(c+ab+a+bc\right)^2}{4}=\frac{\left(b+1\right)^2\left(a+c\right)^2}{4}\)
Tương tự thì:
\(\left(c+ab\right)\left(a+bc\right)\left(b+ca\right)\le\frac{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{8}\)
Ta cần chứng minh:\(\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\le8\)
Áp dụng tiếp AM - GM:
\(\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\le\frac{\left(a+1+b+1+c+1\right)^3}{27}=8\)
Vậy ta có đpcm
Chuyên Phan năm nay :))