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1) \(\Sigma\frac{a}{b^3+ab}=\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{b}-\frac{b}{a+b^2}\right)\ge\Sigma\frac{1}{a}-\Sigma\frac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}=\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}}+1\right)+\Sigma\frac{3}{2\sqrt{a}}-3\)
\(\ge\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}-1\right)^2+\frac{27}{2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}-3\ge\frac{27}{2\sqrt{3\left(a+b+c\right)}}-3=\frac{3}{2}\)
Áp dụng bđt Holder, ta có:
\(\left(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{b^2+c^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{c^2+a^2}}\right).\left(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{b^2+c^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{c^2+a^2}}\right)\left[a^2b^2\left(a^2+b^2\right)+b^2c^2\left(b^2+c^2\right)+c^2a^2\left(c^2+a^2\right)\right]\ge\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^3=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3}{8}\)
=>\(VT^2\ge\frac{1}{8}.\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3}{a^2b^4+a^4b^2+b^2c^4+b^4c^2+c^2a^4+c^4a^2}\)
Đặt a2=x, b2=y, c2=z
=>\(VT^2\ge\frac{1}{8}.\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^3}{x^2y+xy^2+y^2z+y^2z+z^2x+zx^2}\)(1)
Theo bđt Schur, ta có:
\(x\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)+y\left(y-z\right)\left(y-x\right)+z\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)\ge0\)
<=>\(x^3+y^3+z^3+3xyz\ge x^2y+xy^2+y^2z+y^2z+z^2x+zx^2\)
<=>\(x^3+y^3+z^3+6xyz+3\left(x^2y+xy^2+y^2z+y^2z+z^2x+zx^2\right)\ge4.\left(x^2y+xy^2+y^2z+y^2z+z^2x+zx^2\right)+3xyz\)
Vì \(xyz=\left(abc\right)^2\ge0\)
=>\(\left(x+y+z\right)^3\ge4\left(x^2y+xy^2+y^2z+y^2z+z^2x+zx^2\right)\)
=>\(\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^3}{x^2y+xy^2+y^2z+y^2z+z^2x+zx^2}\ge4\)
Thay vào (1)=>\(VT^2\ge\frac{1}{2}=>VT\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
=>ĐPCM
a,b,c>=0 mới được nhé
Đặt biểu thức là A
\(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}}=\frac{\sqrt{ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)}}{a^2+b^2}>=\frac{\sqrt{2abab}}{a^2}=\frac{\sqrt{2}ab}{a^2+b^2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi có một trong 2 số a,b =0 hoặc a=b.
Tương tự=> A>=\(\frac{\sqrt{2}ab}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{\sqrt{2}bc}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{\sqrt{2}ca}{a^2+c^2}\)
\(\sqrt{2}A>=\frac{2ab}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{2bc}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{2ca}{c^2+a^2}\)
\(\sqrt{2}A+3>=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)^2}{c^2+a^2}.\)
>=\(\frac{\left(2a+2b+2c\right)^2}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=\frac{4\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca}=4.\)
=>A>=1/căn 2
Dấu = xảy ra khi 2 số bằng nhau, một số =0
2a)với a,b,c là các số thực ta có
\(a^2-ab+b^2=\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}\ge\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2}=\frac{1}{2}\left|a+b\right|\)
tương tự \(\sqrt{b^2-bc+c^2}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left|b+c\right|\)
tương tự \(\sqrt{c^2-ca+a^2}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left|a+c\right|\)
cộng từng vế mỗi BĐT ta được \(\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2-bc+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2-ca+a^2}\ge\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}=a+b+c\)
dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b=c
\(VT\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}\)
\(VT\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\frac{81}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}\)
\(VT\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\frac{16}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}+\frac{65}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}\)
\(VT\ge\sqrt{2\sqrt{\frac{16\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}+\frac{65}{2^2}}=\frac{\sqrt{97}}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)
gt <=> \(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=1\)
Đặt: \(\frac{1}{a}=x;\frac{1}{b}=y;\frac{1}{c}=z\)
=> Thay vào thì \(VT=\frac{\frac{1}{xy}}{\frac{1}{z}\left(1+\frac{1}{xy}\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{yz}{\frac{1}{x}\left(1+\frac{1}{yz}\right)}}+\frac{1}{\frac{zx}{\frac{1}{y}\left(1+\frac{1}{zx}\right)}}\)
\(VT=\frac{z}{xy+1}+\frac{x}{yz+1}+\frac{y}{zx+1}=\frac{x^2}{xyz+x}+\frac{y^2}{xyz+y}+\frac{z^2}{xyz+z}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+3xyz}\)
Có BĐT x, y, z > 0 thì \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge9xyz\)Ta thay \(xy+yz+zx=1\)vào
=> \(x+y+z\ge9xyz=>\frac{x+y+z}{3}\ge3xyz\)
=> Từ đây thì \(VT\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\frac{x+y+z}{3}}=\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3}=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
=> Ta có ĐPCM . "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z <=> \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
Theo giả thiết thì \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=abc\)
Ta cần chứng minh: \(\Sigma\sqrt{a+bc}\ge\sqrt{abc}+\Sigma\sqrt{a}\)(*)
Thật vậy: (*) \(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma\sqrt{\frac{a^2+abc}{a}}\ge\sqrt{abc}+\Sigma\sqrt{a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma\sqrt{\frac{a^2+ab+bc+ca}{a}}\ge\sqrt{abc}+\Sigma\sqrt{a}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{a}}\ge\sqrt{abc}+\Sigma\sqrt{a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\text{}\Sigma\sqrt{bc\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\ge abc+\sqrt{abc}\left(\Sigma\sqrt{a}\right)\)(Nhân cả hai vế của bất đẳng thức với \(\sqrt{abc}>0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma\sqrt{\left(b^2+ab\right)\left(c^2+ac\right)}\ge abc+\Sigma a\sqrt{bc}\)
Bất đẳng thức cuối luôn đúng vì theo BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz, ta có: \(\Sigma\sqrt{\left(b^2+ab\right)\left(c^2+ac\right)}\ge\Sigma\left(bc+a\sqrt{bc}\right)=abc+\Sigma a\sqrt{bc}\text{}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 3
Bunhiacopxkhi \(\left(a^2+b+c\right)\left(1+b+c\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(a^2+b+c\right)\left(1+b+c\right)}\ge a+b+c\)
Ta có:\(A=\frac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+b+c}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+c+a}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+a+b}}\le\frac{a\sqrt{1+b+c}+b\sqrt{1+c+a}+c\sqrt{1+a+b}}{a+b+c}\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{3}A=\frac{\sqrt{3a}\sqrt{a+ab+ac}+\sqrt{3b}\sqrt{b+bc+ba}+\sqrt{3c}\sqrt{c+ca+cb}}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{3}A\le\frac{4a+ab+ac+4b+bc+ba+4c+ca+cb}{a+b+c}=\frac{4\left(a+b+c\right)+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{3}A\le\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)+\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}}{a+b+c}=\frac{6+a+b+c}{3}\le\frac{9}{3}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\sqrt{3}\)
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