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Áp dụng TCDTSBN ta có:
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}=\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a}{b}=1\Rightarrow a=b\left(1\right)\\\frac{b}{c}=1\Rightarrow b=c\left(2\right)\\\frac{c}{a}=1\Rightarrow c=a\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
Từ (1),(2),(3) suy ra a=b=c
Ta có :
\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{2ab}{2cd}=\frac{a^2+b^2+2ab}{c^2+d^2+2cd}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}=\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}-\frac{2ab}{2cd}=\frac{a^2+b^2-2ab}{c^2+d^2-2cd}=\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\left(\frac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^2\left(2\right)\)
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) suy ra : \(\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\left(\frac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^2\)
TH1 : \(\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{a-b}{c-d}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a-b\right)}{\left(c+d\right)+\left(c-d\right)}=\frac{2a}{2c}=\frac{a}{b}\left(3\right)\)
\(\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{a-b}{c-d}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)-\left(a-b\right)}{\left(c+d\right)-\left(c-d\right)}=\frac{2b}{2d}=\frac{b}{d}\left(4\right)\)
từ ( 3 ) và ( 4 ) suy ra : \(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\text{ hay }\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)
TH2 : \(\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{b-a}{c-d}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)+\left(b-a\right)}{\left(c+d\right)+\left(c-d\right)}=\frac{2b}{2c}=\frac{b}{c}\left(5\right)\)
\(\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{b-a}{c-d}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)-\left(b-a\right)}{\left(c+d\right)-\left(c-d\right)}=\frac{2a}{2d}=\frac{a}{d}\left(6\right)\)
Từ ( 5 ) và ( 6 ) suy ra : \(\frac{b}{c}=\frac{a}{d}\text{ hay }\frac{a}{b}=\frac{d}{c}\)
Vậy : \(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{ab}{cd}\text{ thì }\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\\\frac{a}{b}=\frac{d}{c}\end{cases}}\)
kinh quá
Cho \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\) với ( với a, b, c, d khác 0, và c \(\ne\pm d\) ). Chứng minh rằng hoặc \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) hoặc \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{d}{c}\) ?
Ta có : a+b/b+c = c+d/d+a
=> (a+b)/(c+d)= (b+c)/(d+a)
=> (a+b)/(c+d)+1=(b+c)/(d+a)+1
hay: (a+b+c+d)/(c+d)=(b+c+d+a)/(d+a)
- Nếu a+b+c+d khác 0 thì : c+d=d+a => c=a
- Nếu a+b+c+d = 0 (điều phải chứng minh)
Ta có:\(\frac{a+b}{b+c}=\frac{c+d}{d+a}\)
\(\implies\)\(\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{b+c}{d+a}\)
\(\implies\) \(\frac{a+b}{c+d}+1=\frac{b+c}{d+a}+1\)
\(\implies\) \(\frac{a+b+c+d}{c+d}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{d+a}\)
\(\implies\) \(\frac{a+b+c+d}{c+d}-\frac{a+b+c+d}{d+a}=0\)
\(\implies\) \(\left(a+b+c+d\right)\left(\frac{1}{c+d}-\frac{1}{d+a}\right)=0\)
\(\implies\)\(\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c+d=0\\\frac{1}{c+d}-\frac{1}{d+a}=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\implies\) \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c+d=0\\\frac{1}{c+d}=\frac{1}{d+a}\end{cases}}\)
\(\implies\) \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c+d=0\\c+d=d+a\end{cases}}\)
\(\implies\) \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c+d=0\\c=a\end{cases}}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{a+b}{b+c}=\frac{c+d}{d+a}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{b+c}{d+a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{c+d}+1=\frac{b+c}{d+a}+1.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{c+d}+\frac{c+d}{c+d}=\frac{b+c}{d+a}+\frac{d+a}{d+a}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c+d}{c+d}=\frac{b+c+d+a}{d+a}\)
Nếu \(a+b+c+d\ne0.\)
\(\Rightarrow c+d=d+a\)
\(\Rightarrow c=a\left(đpcm1\right).\)
Nếu \(a+b+c+d=0\) thì hợp với đề.
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c+d=0\left(đpcm2\right).\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau,ta có:\(\frac{a+b}{b+c}=\frac{c+d}{d+a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}\)
Th1:a+b+c+d=0=>\(\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}=\frac{0}{a+b+c+d}=0suyra\frac{a+b}{b+c}=\frac{c+d}{d+a}=0\)
Th2:a+b+c+d khác 0=>\(\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}=1\)suy ra\(\frac{a+b}{b+a}=\frac{c+d}{d+a}=1\)=>(a+b)(d+a)=(b+a)(c+d)=>a+d=c+d<=>a=c
Vậy a+b+c+d=0 hoặc a=c
Ta có:\(\frac{a+b}{b+c}=\frac{c+d}{d+a}\)
\(\implies\)\(\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{b+c}{d+a}\)
\(\implies\) \(\frac{a+b}{c+d}+1=\frac{b+c}{d+a}+1\)
\(\implies\) \(\frac{a+b+c+d}{c+d}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{d+a}\)
\(\implies\) \(\frac{a+b+c+d}{c+d}-\frac{a+b+c+d}{d+a}=0\)
\(\implies\) \(\left(a+b+c+d\right)\left(\frac{1}{c+d}-\frac{1}{d+a}\right)=0\)
\(\implies\)\(\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c+d=0\\\frac{1}{c+d}-\frac{1}{d+a}=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\implies\) \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c+d=0\\\frac{1}{c+d}=\frac{1}{d+a}\end{cases}}\)
\(\implies\) \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c+d=0\\c+d=d+a\end{cases}}\)
\(\implies\) \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c+d=0\\c=a\end{cases}}\)
\(\frac{a+b}{b+c}=\frac{c+d}{d+a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}=1.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{b+c}=1\Rightarrow a+b=b+c\Rightarrow a=c\)
Còn \(\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}=1\) nếu a+b+c+d=0 => vô định => xem lại y/c của đề bài
Ta có : \(\frac{a+b}{b+c}=\frac{c+d}{d+a}\)
=> (a + b)(d + a) = (b + c)(c + d)
=> ad + a2 + bd + ab = bc + bd + c2 + cd
=> ad + a2 + ab = bc + c2 + cd
=> ad + a2 + ab - bc - c2 - cd = 0
=> (ad - cd) + (a2 - c2) + (ab - bc) = 0
=> d(a - c) + (a - c)(a + c) + b(a - c) = 0
=> (a - c)(d + a + c + b) = 0
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a-c=0\\d+a+c+b=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=c\\a+b+c+d=0\end{cases}}\)(đpcm)