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Bài 2:
a: Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
=>\(a=b\cdot k;c=d\cdot k\)
\(\dfrac{4a-3b}{a}=\dfrac{4\cdot bk-3b}{bk}=\dfrac{b\left(4k-3\right)}{bk}=\dfrac{4k-3}{k}\)
\(\dfrac{4c-3d}{c}=\dfrac{4\cdot dk-3d}{dk}=\dfrac{d\left(4k-3\right)}{dk}=\dfrac{4k-3}{k}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{a}=\dfrac{4c-3d}{c}\)
b: \(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk-b\right)^2}{\left(dk-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2\left(k-1\right)^2}{d^2\left(k-1\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\dfrac{3a^2+2b^2}{3c^2+2d^2}=\dfrac{3\cdot\left(bk\right)^2+2b^2}{3\cdot\left(dk\right)^2+2d^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{b^2\left(3k^2+2\right)}{d^2\left(3k^2+2\right)}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{3a^2+2b^2}{3c^2+2d^2}\)
Bài 1:
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=t\Rightarrow a=bt; c=dt\). Khi đó:
a)
\(\frac{a^2}{a^2+b^2}=\frac{(bt)^2}{(bt)^2+b^2}=\frac{b^2t^2}{b^2(t^2+1)}=\frac{t^2}{t^2+1}(1)\)
\(\frac{c^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{(dt)^2}{(dt)^2+d^2}=\frac{d^2t^2}{d^2(t^2+1)}=\frac{t^2}{t^2+1}(2)\)
Từ $(1);(2)$ suy ra đpcm.
b)
\(\left(\frac{a+c}{b+d}\right)^2=\left(\frac{bt+dt}{b+d}\right)^2=\left(\frac{t(b+d)}{b+d}\right)^2=t^2(3)\)
\(\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\frac{(bt)^2+(dt)^2}{b^2+d^2}=\frac{t^2(b^2+d^2)}{b^2+d^2}=t^2(4)\)
Từ $(3);(4)\Rightarrow \left(\frac{a+c}{b+d}\right)^2=\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}$ (đpcm)
Bài 2:
Từ $a^2=bc\Rightarrow \frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{a}$
Đặt $\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{a}=t\Rightarrow a=ct; b=at$. Khi đó:
a)
$\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+a^2}=\frac{(ct)^2+c^2}{(at)^2+a^2}=\frac{c^2(t^2+1)}{a^2(t^2+1)}=\frac{c^2}{a^2}=(\frac{c}{a})^2=\frac{1}{t^2}(1)$
Và:
$\frac{c}{b}=\frac{a}{tb}=\frac{a}{t.at}=\frac{1}{t^2}(2)$
Từ $(1);(2)$ suy ra đpcm.
b)
$\left(\frac{c+2019a}{a+2019b}\right)^2=\left(\frac{c+2019a}{ct+2019at}\right)^2=\left(\frac{c+2019a}{t(c+2019a)}\right)^2=\frac{1}{t^2}(3)$
Từ $(2);(3)$ suy ra đpcm.
a) Gọi ƯCLN(a ; b) = d
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}a⋮d\\b⋮d\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a^2⋮d\\b^2⋮d\end{cases}}\Rightarrow a^2+b^2⋮d\)
mà theo đề ra \(a^2+b^2⋮3\)
=> \(d⋮3\)
Mà \(\hept{\begin{cases}a⋮d\\b⋮d\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a⋮3\\b⋮3\end{cases}}\)
b) Gọi ƯCLN(a ; b) = d
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}a⋮d\\b⋮d\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a^2⋮d\\b^2⋮d\end{cases}}\Rightarrow a^2+b^2⋮d\)
mà theo đề ra \(a^2+b^2⋮7\)
=> \(d⋮7\)
Mà \(\hept{\begin{cases}a⋮d\\b⋮d\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a⋮7\\b⋮7\end{cases}}\)
\(a-b=\frac{2}{3}\left(a+b\right)\Leftrightarrow a-b=\frac{2}{3}a+\frac{2}{3}b\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{3}a=\frac{5}{3}b\Leftrightarrow a=5b\Rightarrow a:b=5\)
\(\Rightarrow a-b=\frac{2}{3}a+\frac{2}{3}b=5\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=5\\a+b=\frac{15}{2}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=\frac{25}{4}\\b=\frac{5}{4}\end{cases}}\)
1. Ta có a - b =2 (a+b)=2a+3b
<=> a-2a =2b+b
<=>a=3b<=> =2b+b
Thay a =-3b <=> -3b
=> a : b =-3b : b = 3
=>a-b=3
2(a+b)=-3<=>a+b=\(-\frac{3}{2}\)(Phân số nghịc đảo -)
Khi đó a= \(\frac{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a-b\right)}{2}=\frac{\left(-\frac{3}{2}\right)+\left(-3\right)}{2}=\frac{9}{4}\)
b=\(\frac{\left(a+b\right)-\left(a-b\right)}{2}=\frac{\left(-\frac{3}{2}\right)+\left(-3\right)}{2}=\frac{3}{4}\)
Thay a - b (a+1)
a : b =a-b
<=> b - 1 = -1
a-b=ab
=> a +b = 1
a-b = ab hay = a+1=-a
=>2a-1
=>\(\frac{1}{2}\)
Ap dụng BĐT \(x^2+y^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\)
Ta co: \(a^4+b^4\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{2}\ge\left(\frac{\left(\frac{a+b}{2}\right)^2}{2}\right)^2=2\)
=> ĐPCM, dấu = xảy ra <=> a=b=1