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\(x-y=1\Rightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2=1\Rightarrow x^2+xy+y^2=19\Rightarrow x^3-y^3=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)=1.19=19\)
\(2,a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=2ab+2bc+2ca\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ac+a^2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0ma:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\\\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(a+b+c=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=0\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2=4a^2b^2+4b^2c^2+4c^2a^2+4abc\left(a+b+c\right)=4a^2b^2+4c^2a^2+4b^2c^2\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)=a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\left(dpcm\right)\)
a/VT=x5+x^4.y+x^3.y^2+x^2.y^4+x.y^4-x^4.y-x^3.y^2-x^2.y^3-x.y^4-y^5
=x^5-y^5=VP
=>dpcm
\(4x^3-36x=0\)
\(x.\left[\left(2x\right)^2-6^2\right]=0\)
\(x.\left(2x-6\right)\left(2x+6\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\2x-6=0\end{cases}}\)hoặc \(2x+6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=3\end{cases}}\)hoặc \(x=-3\)
KL:...............................................
a2 + b2 + (a + b)2 = c2 + d2 + (c +d)2 => 2.(a2 + b2) + 2ab = 2.(c2 + d2) + 2cd
=> a2 + b2 + ab = c2 + d2 + cd (1)
+) a4 + b4 + (a + b)4 = (a2 + b2)2 - 2a2.b2 + (a + b)4 = [(a2 + b2)2 - a2.b2] + [(a + b)4 - a2.b2]
= (a2 + b2 - ab). (a2 + b2 + ab) + [(a + b)2 - ab].[(a+ b)2 + ab]
= (a2 + b2 - ab). (a2 + b2 + ab) + (a2 + b2 + ab). (a2 + b2 + 3ab) = (a2 + b2 + ab). [(a2 + b2 - ab) + (a2 + b2 + 3ab)]
= 2.(a2 + b2 + ab).(a2 + b2 + ab) = 2.(a2 + b2 + ab)2 (2)
Tương tự: c4 + d4 + (c+d)4 = 2. (c2 + d2 + cd)2 (3)
Từ (1)(2)(3) => đpcm
\(1,x+y+z=0=>x=-\left(y+z\right)\)
\(=>x^2=\left(y+z\right)^2=y^2+2yz+z^2\)
\(=>x^2-y^2-z^2=2yz\)
\(=>\left(x^2-y^2-z^2\right)^2=\left(2yz\right)^2=4y^2z^2\)
\(=>x^4+y^4+z^4-2x^2y^2-2x^2z^2+2y^2z^2=4y^2z^2\)
\(=>x^4+y^4+z^4=4y^2z^2-2y^2z^2+2x^2z^2+2x^2y^2=2x^2y^2+2y^2z^2+2x^2z^2\)
\(=>2\left(x^4+y^4+z^4\right)=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(2,A=2\left(x^6-y^6\right)-3\left(x^4+y^4\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x^2\right)^3-\left(y^2\right)^3\right]-3\left(x^4+y^4\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^4+x^2y^2+y^4\right)-3\left(x^4+y^4\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^4+x^2y^2+y^4\right)-3\left(x^4+y^4\right)\)
\(=2x^4+2x^2y^2+2y^4-3x^4-3y^4=-x^4+2x^2y^2-y^4\)
\(=-\left(x^4-2x^2y^2+z^4\right)=-\left[\left(x^2-y^2\right)^2\right]=-1\) (do x2-y2=1)
\(3,\left(x-3\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)+15\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)+15=\left(x^2-9\right)\left(x^2-1\right)+15\left(1\right)\)
Đặt \(x^2-5=t\),khi đó (1) trở thành :
\(\left(t-4\right)\left(t+4\right)+15=t^2-16+15=t^2-1=\left(t-1\right)\left(t+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-6\right)\left(x^2-4\right)=\left(x^2-6\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
\(4,a,20^n-1=20^n-1^n=\left(20-1\right)\left(20^{n-1}+20^{n-1}+...+1^{n-1}\right)\)
chia hết cho (20-1)=19
=>20n-1 là hợp số vì có nhiều hơn 2 ước
b) đang kẹt,vấn đề nằm ở đề