Question

[Nguyễn Phạm Hải Minh]

cho A=2+2²+2³+......+2⁶⁰

a. thu gọn tổng A                          b. chứng tỏ rằng A  chia hết cho 3,5,7,

Answer 1

[Trương Nhật Minh]

Ta có:

\(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{60}\\ \Rightarrow2A=2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{61}\\ \Rightarrow2A-A=2^{61}-2\\ \Rightarrow A=^{61}-2\)

b.

Ta có:

\(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{57}+2^{58}+2^{59}+2^{60}\\ =2\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+2^5\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+...+2^{57}\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)\\ =2.15+2^5.15+...+2^{57}.15\\ =15\left(2+2^5+...+2^{57}\right)⋮15\Rightarrow A⋮15\)

\(\left(3;5\right)=1\Rightarrow A⋮15\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}A⋮3\\A⋮5\end{matrix}\right.\left(1\right)\)

+ \(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{60}\\ =2\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^4\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{58}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\\ =2.7+2^4.7+...+2^{58}.7\\= 7\left(2+2^4+...+2^{58}\right)⋮7\\ \Rightarrow A⋮7\left(2\right)\)

Từ \(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\) suy ra điều phải chứng minh.