Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
Đặt \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\dfrac{y}{x};\dfrac{z}{y};\dfrac{x}{z}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{y}{x}\left(\dfrac{z}{y}+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{z}{y}\left(\dfrac{x}{z}+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{x}{z}\left(\dfrac{y}{x}+1\right)}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{x}{y+z}+\dfrac{y}{z+x}+\dfrac{z}{x+y}=\dfrac{x^2}{xy+xz}+\dfrac{y^2}{xy+yz}+\dfrac{z^2}{xz+yz}\)
\(VT\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\dfrac{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Đây là bài sử dụng Cô-si ngược dấu đặc trưng:
\(\dfrac{1}{a^2+1}=\dfrac{a^2+1-a^2}{a^2+1}=1-\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+1}\ge1-\dfrac{a^2}{2a}=1-\dfrac{a}{2}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{1}{b^2+1}\ge1-\dfrac{b}{2}\);
\(\dfrac{1}{c^2+1}\ge1-\dfrac{c}{2}\)
Cộng vế:
\(P\ge3-\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(1-\dfrac{1}{1+a}\ge\dfrac{2017}{b+2017}+\dfrac{2018}{c+2018}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{2017.2018}{\left(b+2017\right)\left(c+2018\right)}}\)
\(1-\dfrac{2017}{b+2017}\ge\dfrac{1}{1+a}+\dfrac{2018}{b+2018}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{2018}{\left(1+a\right)\left(b+2018\right)}}\)
\(1-\dfrac{2018}{c+2018}\ge\dfrac{1}{1+a}+\dfrac{2017}{b+2017}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{2017}{\left(1+a\right)\left(b+2017\right)}}\)
Nhân vế:
\(\dfrac{abc}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+2017\right)\left(c+2018\right)}\ge\dfrac{8.2017.2018}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+2017\right)\left(c+2018\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow abc\ge8.2017.2018\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(2.1;2.2017;2.2018\right)=...\)
Đề bài sai
Đề đúng: \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{b}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b}+2\sqrt{c}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c}+2\sqrt{a}+3}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
1) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM và bất đẳng thức Schwarz:
\(P=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{a+b}{2}}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+\dfrac{a+b}{2}}=\dfrac{8}{3a+b}\ge8\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).
2.
\(4=a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2\Rightarrow a+b\le2\sqrt{2}\)
Đồng thời \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge a^2+b^2\Rightarrow a+b\ge2\)
\(M\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4\left(a+b+2\right)}=\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}\) (với \(x=a+b\Rightarrow2\le x\le2\sqrt{2}\) )
\(M\le\dfrac{x^2}{4\left(x+2\right)}-\sqrt{2}+1+\sqrt{2}-1\)
\(M\le\dfrac{\left(2\sqrt{2}-x\right)\left(x+4-2\sqrt{2}\right)}{4\left(x+2\right)}+\sqrt{2}-1\le\sqrt{2}-1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=2\sqrt{2}\) hay \(a=b=\sqrt{2}\)
3. Chia 2 vế giả thiết cho \(x^2y^2\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow0\le\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\le4\)
\(A=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{1}{xy}\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\le16\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Em kiểm tra lại mẫu số của biểu thức c, chắc chắn đề sai
\(abc=1\) nên tồn tại các số dương x;y;z sao cho \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\dfrac{x}{y};\dfrac{y}{z};\dfrac{z}{x}\right)\)
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:
\(\dfrac{y}{x+2y}+\dfrac{z}{y+2z}+\dfrac{x}{z+2x}\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2y}{x+2y}-1+\dfrac{2z}{y+2z}-1+\dfrac{2x}{z+2x}-1\le2-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{x+2y}+\dfrac{y}{y+2z}+\dfrac{z}{z+2x}\ge1\)
Điều này đúng do:
\(VT=\dfrac{x^2}{x^2+2xy}+\dfrac{y^2}{y^2+2yz}+\dfrac{z^2}{z^2+2xz}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx}=1\)
Áp dụng bđt Svácxơ, ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x+y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)
Áp dụng, thay vào A, ta có:
\(A\le\text{Σ}\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "="⇔\(a=b=c=1\)