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Ta có: a3+b3+c3=3abc <=> a3+b3+c3-3abc=0
<=>\(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=0\)
<=>\(\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
<=>\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
<=>\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2-3ab\right)=0\)
<=>\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
Mà a+b+c khác 0
=>\(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)
<=>\(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
<=>\(\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)
<=>\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
<=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2=0\\\left(b-c\right)^2=0\\\left(c-a\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}}a=b=c}\)
=>\(N=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{3a^2}{\left(3a\right)^2}=\frac{3a^2}{9a^2}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Có: (a+b+c)2=a2+b2+c2
=> a2 +b2 +c2 +2(a*b+b*c+c*a)=a2 +b2 +c2
=>2*(a*b+b*c+c*a) = 0
=>a*b+b*c+c*a = 0
=> (a*b+b*c+c*a)/a*b*c = 0 ( cùng chia 2 vế cho a*b*c)
=> (a*b/a*b*c)+(b*c/a*b*c)+(c*a/a*b*c) = 0
=>1/c+1/a+1/b = 0
=>1/a3 +1/b3 +1/c3 =3*1/a*1/b*1/c = 3/a*b*c
Từ a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
<=> (a + b)(a2 - ab + b2) + c3 - 3abc = 0
<=> (a + b)3 + c3 - 3ab(a + b) - 3abc = 0
<=> (a + b + c)(a2 + 2ab + b2 - ac - bc + c2) - 3ab(a + b + c) = 0
<=> (a + b + c)(a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - ac - bc) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c=0\left(loại\right)\\a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc=0\end{cases}}\)
<=> 2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 - 2ab - 2ac - 2bc = 0
<=> (a - b)2 + (b - c)2 + (c - a)2 = 0
<=> a = b = c
=> tam giác đó là tam giác đều
b) Áp dụng bđt \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\)
CM đúng (tự cm tđ)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{x^2+2yz}+\frac{1}{y^2+2xz}+\frac{1}{z^2+2xy}\ge\frac{9}{x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz}=\frac{9}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=9\)(vì x + y + z = 1)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y = z = 1/3
a) Vì a, b, c là độ dài ba cạnh của một tam giác => a, b, c > 0
Ta có : a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
<=> a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = 0
<=> ( a + b )3 - 3ab( a + b ) + c3 - 3abc = 0
<=> [ ( a + b )3 + c3 ] - [ 3ab( a + b ) + 3abc ] = 0
<=> ( a + b + c )( a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab - ac - bc ) - 3ab( a + b + c ) = 0
<=> ( a + b + c )( a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - ac - bc ) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c=0\\a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc=0\end{cases}}\)
Dễ thấy không thể xảy ra trường hợp a + b + c = 0 vì a, b, c > 0
Xét TH còn lại ta có :
a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - ac - bc = 0
<=> 2(a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - ac - bc) = 2.0
<=> 2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 - 2ab - 2ac - 2bc = 0
<=> ( a2 - 2ab + b2 ) + ( b2 - 2bc + c2 ) + ( c2 - 2ac + a2 ) = 0
<=> ( a - b )2 + ( b - c )2 + ( c - a )2 = 0 (*)
Ta có : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2\\\left(b-c\right)^2\\\left(c-a\right)^2\end{cases}}\ge0\forall a,b,c\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b,c\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
=> Tam giác đó là tam giác đều ( đpcm )
\(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a=b=c\end{matrix}\right.\)
Áp dụng: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{3}{abc}\)
\(A=abc\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}\right)=abc.\frac{3}{abc}=3\)
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ac=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{abc}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{abc}+\frac{bc}{abc}+\frac{ac}{abc}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=\frac{-1}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^3=\left(\frac{-1}{c}\right)^3\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{3}{ab}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)=-\frac{1}{c^3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}+\frac{3}{ab}.\left(-\frac{1}{c}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}-\frac{3}{ab}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{3}{abc}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac=a^2+b^2+c^2\Rightarrow ab+bc+ac=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{ab+bc+ac}{abc}=0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\Rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}\right)^3+\left(\frac{1}{b}\right)^3+\left(\frac{1}{c}\right)^3=3.\frac{1}{a}.\frac{1}{b}.\frac{1}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{3}{abc}\)