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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
uiii em ơi, 2p mà viết và chụp xong luôn rồi à, nhanh thật, bái phục
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
nFe = 2.8/56 = 0.05 (mol)
nHCl = 14.6/36.5 = 0.4 (mol)
Fe + 2HCl => FeCl2 + H2
1.........2
0.05......0.4
LTL : 0.05/1 < 0.4/2
=> HCl dư
mHCl (dư) = ( 0.4 - 0.1 ) * 36.5 = 10.95 (g)
VH2 = 0.05*22.4 = 1.12 (l)
nHCl (dư) = 0.4 - 0.1 = 0.3 (mol)
mFe cần thêm = 0.3/2 * 56 = 8.4 (g)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
1 : 2 : 1 (mol)
0,05 : 0,4 (mol)
-Chuyển thành tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,05}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\Rightarrow\) Fe phản ứng hết còn HCl dư.
-Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,5.1}{1}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
b) \(n_{Fe\left(cần\right)}=\dfrac{0,4.1}{2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe\left(thêm\right)}=n_{Fe\left(cần\right)}-n_{Fe\left(tt\right)}=0,2-0,05=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe\left(thêm\right)}=n.M=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a. \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
b. \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2.4}{24}=0.1mol\)
\(mct_{HCl}=\dfrac{500\times36.5}{100}=182.5g\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{182.5}{36.5}=5mol\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0.1}{1}< \dfrac{5}{2}\Rightarrow\) HCl dư
nHCl phản ứng = 0.2 mol => nHCl dư = 5 - 0.2 = 4.8 mol
mHCl dư = \(4.8\times36.5=175.2g\)
c. \(V_{H_2}=0.1\times22.4=2.24l\)
d. mdd sau phản ứng = \(2.4+500-0.1\times2=502.2g\)
\(C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0.1\times95\times100}{502.2}=1.89\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1.
a, \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,15 0,3
b, Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\) ⇒ Mg pứ hết, HCl dư
\(m_{HCldư}=\left(0,5-0,3\right).36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
c, \(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
2.
a, \(n_P=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4P + 5O2 ---to→ 2P2O5
Mol: 0,2 0,25 0,1
b, \(V_{O_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
c, \(m_{P_2O_5}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\)
d, \(V_{kk}=5,6.5=28\left(l\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 < 0,4 ( mol )
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1 ( mol )
Chất dư là HCl
\(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,4-0,2\right).36,5=7,3g\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\)
\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7g\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{1}\)
=> H2SO4 d
\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(pu\right)}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
m_{H_2SO_4\left(d\right)}=\left(0,4-0,1\right).98=29,4g\)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\\
m_{FeSO_4}=0,1.152=15,2g\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 -----> FeSO4 + H2
b, ko tính đc do thiếu khối lượng ddH2SO4
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
nFe = 5,6 : 56 = 0,1 (mol)
nH2SO4 (đủ) = 0,1 (mol)
mH2SO4 = 0,1 . 98 = 9,8 (g)
\(mH_2SO_{\text{4(thamgiapứ) }}=\dfrac{9,8.100}{49}=20\left(g\right)\)
H2SO4 dư , Fe đủ
mH2SO4 dư = 20 - 9,8 = 10,2(g)
mFeSO4 = 0,1 . 152 = 15,2(g)
VH2 = 0,1 .22,4 = 2,24(l)
mH2 = 0,1 . 2 = 0,2 (g)
\(C\%H_2SO_4=\dfrac{10,2.100}{5,6+20+15,2-0,2}=25\%\)
\(C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{15,2.100}{5,6+20+15,2-0,2}=37\%\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
LTL: \(0,05< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\rightarrow\) HCl dư
Theo pthh: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{Fe}=0,05.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\\m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,4-0,1\right).36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo pthh: \(n_{Fe\left(thêm\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(0,4-0,1\right)=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{Fe\left(thêm\right)}=0,16.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)