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PTHH: \(CuCl_2+2KOH\rightarrow2KCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{270\cdot15\%}{135}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3\cdot98=29,4\left(g\right)\)
b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{KOH}=2n_{CuCl_2}=0,6mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot57}{20\%}=171\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{KCl}=n_{KOH}=0,6mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{KCl}=0,6\cdot74,5=44,7\left(g\right)\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{ddCuCl_2}+m_{ddKOH}-m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=411,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{KCl}=\dfrac{44,7}{411,6}\cdot100\%\approx10,86\%\)
\(m_{ct_{CuCl_2}}=\frac{m_{dd}.C\%}{100\%}=\frac{270.15}{100}=40,5\left(gam\right)\)
\(n_{CuCl_2}=\frac{m}{M}=\frac{40,5}{135}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(CuCl_2+2KOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2KCl\)
(mol) 1 2 1 2
(mol) 0,3 0,6 0,3 0,6
a) Khối lượng kết tủa thu được là:
\(m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n.M=0,3.98=29,4\left(gam\right)\)
b) Khối lượng KOH đã tham gia phản ứng là:
\(m_{KOH}=n.M=0,6.56=33,6\left(gam\right)\)
Khối lượng dung dịch KOh đac tham gia phản ứng là:
\(m_{dd_{KOH}}=\frac{m_{ct}}{C\%}.100\%=\frac{33,6}{20}.100=168\left(gam\right)\)
c) Khối lượng dung dịch sau phản ứng :
\(m_{dd}=(270+168)-29,4=408,6\left(gam\right)\)
\(m_{KCl}=n.M=0,6.74,5=44,7\left(gam\right)\)
Nồng đọ phần trăm của dung dịch sao phản ứng là:
\(C\%=\frac{m_{KCl}}{m_{dd}}.100\%=\frac{44,7}{408,6}.100\%\approx10,94\%\)
\(a,PTHH:CuCl_2+2KOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+2KCl\\ ...0,2......0,4.......0,2........0,4\left(mol\right)\\ b,n_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{27}{135}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\cdot98=19,6\left(g\right)\\ c,m_{KOH}=0,4\cdot56=22,4\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd_{KOH}}=\dfrac{22,4\cdot100\%}{20\%}=112\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd_{KCl}}=m_{CuCl_2}+m_{dd_{KOH}}-m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=27+112-19,6=119,4\left(g\right)\)
\(d,C\%_{dd_{KCl}}=\dfrac{74,5\cdot0,4}{119,4}\cdot100\%\approx24,96\%\)
\(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{100.14}{100.56}=0,25(mol)\\ 2KOH+CuCl_2\to Cu(OH)_2\downarrow+2KCl\\ \Rightarrow n_{CuCl_2}=n_{Cu(OH)_2}=0,125(mol);n_{KCl}=0,25(mol)\\ a,m_{CuCl_2}=0,125.135=16,875(g)\\ b,m_{Cu(OH)_2}=0,125.98=12,25(g)\\ c,C\%_{KCl}=\dfrac{0,25.74,5}{100+16,875-12,25}.100\%=17,8\%\\ d,Cu(OH)_2\xrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{CuO}=0,125(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,125.80=10(g)\)
a)PTHH: ZnCl2+2KOH---->Zn(OH)2+2KCl
b)
mZnCl2=204.10100=20,4(g)ZnCl2=204.10100=20,4(g)
nZnCl2=20,4136=0,15(mol)ZnCl2=20,4136=0,15(mol)
nKOH=112.20%56=0,4(mol)KOH=112.20%56=0,4(mol)
=> 0,15/1 < 0,4/1=> KOH dư
Theo pthh, ta có :
nCu(OH)2=nZnCl2=0,15(mol)Cu(OH)2=nZnCl2=0,15(mol)
mCu(OH)2=0,15.98=14,7(g)Cu(OH)2=0,15.98=14,7(g)
c) m dd sau pư=204+112=316(g)
Theo pthh
nKOH=2nZnCl2=0,3(mol)KOH=2nZnCl2=0,3(mol)
C% KOH=0,3.56326.100%=5,32%0,3.56326.100%=5,32%
nKCl=2nZnCl2=0,3(mol)KCl=2nZnCl2=0,3(mol)
C% KCl=0,3.74,5316.100%=7,07%
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6\cdot20\%}{100\%}=3,92\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{3,92}{98}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:H_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+2HCl\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=n_{BaSO_4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{BaCl_2}}=0,04\cdot208=8,32\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{BaCl_2}}=\dfrac{8,32\cdot100\%}{12\%}\approx69,3\left(g\right)\\ m_{kết.tủa}=m_{BaSO_4}=0,04\cdot233=9,32\left(g\right)\)
a) PTHH: \(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{KCl}=0,15\cdot0,5=0,075\left(mol\right)=n_{KOH}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{KOH}=0,075\cdot56=4,2\left(g\right)\)
c) PTHH: \(KCl+AgNO_3\rightarrow KNO_3+AgCl\downarrow\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{KCl}=0,075\left(mol\right)=n_{AgNO_3\left(p.ứ\right)}=n_{KNO_3}=n_{AgCl}\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{AgNO_3\left(dư\right)}=0,075\cdot120\%-0,075=0,015\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{AgCl}=0,075\cdot143,5=10,7625\left(g\right)\\C_{M_{KNO_3}}=\dfrac{0,075}{0,5+2}=0,03\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{AgNO_3\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0,015}{2,5}=0,006\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) Coi như khi cô cạn không bị hao hụt muối
Ta có: \(m_{muối.khan}=m_{KNO_3}+m_{AgNO_3\left(dư\right)}=0,075\cdot101+0,015\cdot170=10,125\left(g\right)\)
200ml = 0,2l
\(n_{CuSO4}=1.0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(CuSO_4+2KOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+K_2SO_4|\)
1 2 1 1
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
b) \(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{0,2.2}{1}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
200ml = 0,2l
\(C_{M_{ddKOH}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2}=2\left(M\right)\)
c) \(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)2}=\dfrac{0,4.1}{2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Cu\left(OH\right)2}=0,2.98=19,6\left(g\right)\)
d) \(n_{K2SO4}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{ddspu}=0,2+0,2=0,4\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M_{K2SO4}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
nCuCl2 = \(\dfrac{270.15\%}{100\%.135}\)= 0,3(mol)
CuCl2 + 2KOH ➝ Cu(OH)2↓ + 2KCl
0,3 ➝ 0,6 ➝ 0,3 ➝ 0,6 (mol)
a, mCu(OH)2 = 0,3.98= 29,4(g)
b, m dd KOH = \(\dfrac{0,6.56.100\%}{20\%}\)= 168(g)
c, mKCl = 0,6.74,5 = 44,7(g)(*)
Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng:
=> mdd KCl= mCuCl2 + m dd KOH - mCu(OH)2
⇔ mdd KCl = 0,3.135+ 168 - 29,4 = 179,1(g)(**)
Từ (*) và (**) ⇒ C%KCl = \(\dfrac{44,7}{179,1}\).100%\(\approx\) 24,96%