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1.a, Khí A là SO2.
nSO2 = \(\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}\)= 0,05 (mol)
K2SO3 + H2SO4 ----> K2SO4 + SO2 + H2O
0,05 0,05 0,05 0,05 (mol)
b,
mH2SO4 = 0,05.98 = 4,9 (g)
Nồng độ phần trăm của H2SO4 đã dùng là:
C% = \(\dfrac{4,9.100\%}{24,5}\) = 20%
c,
mK2SO3 = 0,05.158 = 7,9 (g)
%K2SO3 = \(\dfrac{7,9.100\%}{21}\)= 37,6%
=> %K2SO4 = 100 - 37,6 = 62,4%
\(a.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(a,b>0\right)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=5,1\\1,5a+b=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27.0,1}{5,1}.100\approx52,941\%\\\%m_{Mg}\approx47,059\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b.m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.98.100}{9,8}=250\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=m_{Al,Mg}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=5,1+250-0,25.2=254,6\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.342}{254,6}.100\approx6,716\%\\ C\%_{ddMgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120}{254,6}.100\approx4,713\%\)
a) PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
_____0,02<---0,03<---------------------0,03
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=\dfrac{0,02.27}{2,16}.100\%=25\%\\\%Cu=100\%-25\%=75\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) mH2SO4 = 0,03.98 = 2,94 (g)
=> \(C\%\left(H_2SO_4\right)=\dfrac{2,94}{200}.100\%=1,47\%\)
a) Khí A : Cacbon đioxit
b) $CaCO_3 + 2HCl \to CaCl_2 + CO_2 + H_2O$
$n_{CO_2} = \dfrac{448}{1000.22,4} = 0,02(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{HCl} = 2n_{CO_2} = 0,04(mol)$
$C_{M_{HCl}} = \dfrac{0,04}{0,2} = 0,2M$
c) $n_{CaCO_3} = n_{CO_2} = 0,02(mol)$
$\%m_{CaCO_3} = \dfrac{0,02.100}{5}.100\% = 40\%$
$\%m_{CaSO_4} = 100\% - 40\% = 60\%$
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{200.19,6}{100}=39,2g\)
\(\rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{39,2}{98}=0,4mol\)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
x x x x
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
y 1,5y 0,5y 1,5y
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\left(mol\right)=Mg\\y\left(mol\right)=Al\end{cases}}\)
a. Có hệ phương trình là: \(\hept{\begin{cases}24x+27y=7,8\\x+1,5y=0,4\end{cases}}\)
\(\rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{cases}}\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4g\)
\(m_{Al}=7,8-2,4=5,4g\)
b. \(n_{H_2}=0,1+1,5.0,2=0,4mol\)
\(\rightarrow m_{H_2}=0,4.2=0,8g\)
\(m_{ddsaupu}=m_{hh}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}\)
\(\rightarrow m_{ddsaupu}=7,8+200-0,8=207g\)
Những dung dịch thu được sau phản ứng: \(MgSO_4;Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\)
\(m_{MgSO_4}=0,1.\left(24+32+16.4\right)=12g\)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{MgSO_4}=\frac{12.100}{207}=5,8\%\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,5.0,2.\left(27.2+32.3+16.12\right)=34,2g\)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\frac{34,2.100}{207}=16,52\%\)
\(A,\) Tên khí A là SO2
\(B,\) \(n_{SO_2}=\frac{1.12}{22.4}=0.05\left(mol\right)\)
\(K_2SO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+SO_2+H_2O\)
0.05 0.05 0.05
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0.05\times98=4.9\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{4.9}{24.5}\times100=20\%\)
\(C,\)
\(m_{K_2SO_3}=0.05\times158=7.9\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{K_2SO_3}=\frac{7.9}{21}\times100=37.6\%\)
\(\%m_{K_2SO_4}=100\%-37.6\%=62.4\%\)