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x+xy+y+1=9
(x+1)(y+1)=9
áp dụng bđt ab<=(a+b)^2/4
->9<=(x+y+2)^2/4 -> x+y >=4
....
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X3 + Y3 + Z3 = 3XYZ
<=> X3 + Y3 + Z3 - 3XYZ = 0
<=> ( X3 + Y3 ) + Z3 - 3XYZ = 0
<=> ( X + Y )3 - 3XY( X + Y ) + Z3 - 3XYZ = 0
<=> [ ( X + Y )3 + Z3 ] - 3XY( X + Y + Z ) = 0
<=> ( X + Y + Z )[ ( X + Y )2 - ( X + Y ).Z + Z2 - 3XY ] = 0
<=> ( X + Y + Z )( X2 + Y2 + Z2 - XY - YZ - XZ ) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}X+Y+Z=0\\X^2+Y^2+Z^2-XY-YZ-XZ=0\end{cases}}\)
+) X + Y + Z = 0 => \(\hept{\begin{cases}X+Y=-Z\\Y+Z=-X\\X+Z=-Y\end{cases}}\)
KHI ĐÓ : \(M=\left(1+\frac{X}{Y}\right)\left(1+\frac{Y}{Z}\right)\left(1+\frac{Z}{X}\right)=\left(\frac{X+Y}{Y}\right)\left(\frac{Y+Z}{Z}\right)\left(\frac{X+Z}{X}\right)=\frac{-Z}{Y}\cdot\frac{-X}{Z}\cdot\frac{-Y}{X}=-1\)
+) X2 + Y2 + Z2 - XY - YZ - XZ = 0
<=> 2( X2 + Y2 + Z2 - XY - YZ - XZ ) = 0
<=> 2X2 + 2Y2 + 2Z2 - 2XY - 2YZ - 2XZ = 0
<=> ( X2 - 2XY + Y2 ) + ( Y2 - 2YZ + Z2 ) + ( X2 - 2XZ + Z2 ) = 0
<=> ( X - Y )2 + ( Y - Z )2 + ( X - Z )2 = 0 (1)
DỄ DÀNG CHỨNG MINH (1) ≥ 0 ∀ X,Y,Z
DẤU "=" XẢY RA <=> X = Y = Z
KHI ĐÓ : \(M=\left(1+\frac{X}{Y}\right)\left(1+\frac{Y}{Z}\right)\left(1+\frac{Z}{X}\right)=\left(1+\frac{Y}{Y}\right)\left(1+\frac{Z}{Z}\right)\left(1+\frac{X}{X}\right)=2\cdot2\cdot2=8\)
Ta có: \(x^3+y^3+\frac{1}{3^3}-3xy.\frac{1}{3}=0\)
<=> \(\left(x+y+\frac{1}{3}\right)\left(x^2+y^2+\frac{1}{9}-xy-\frac{1}{3}x-\frac{1}{3}y\right)=0\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x+y+\frac{1}{3}=0\left(1\right)\\x^2+y^2+\frac{1}{9}-xy-\frac{1}{3}x-\frac{1}{3}y=0\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
(1) <=> \(x+y=-\frac{1}{3}\)loại vì x > 0 ; y >0
( 2) <=> \(\left(x-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2+\left(y-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2=0\)
vì \(\left(x-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2\ge0;\left(y-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2\ge0;\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\)với mọi x, y
nên \(\left(x-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2+\left(y-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\)với mọi x, y
Do đó: \(\left(x-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2+\left(y-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2=0\)
<=> \(x=y=\frac{1}{3}\)
Làm tiếp:
Với \(x=y=\frac{1}{3}\)=> \(x+y=\frac{2}{3}\) thế vào P
ta có: \(P=\left(\frac{2}{3}+\frac{1}{3}\right)^3-\frac{3}{2}.\frac{2}{3}+2016=2016\)