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\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{8}{160}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4 --> Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
______0,05------>0,15--------->0,05
=> mH2SO4 = 0,15.98 = 14,7(g)
=> \(C\%\left(H_2SO_4\right)=\dfrac{14,7}{100}.100\%=14,7\%\)
\(C\%\left(Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)=\dfrac{0,05.400}{8+100}.100\%=18,52\%\)
PTHH: Fe2(SO4)3 + 6NaOH --> 2Fe(OH)3\(\downarrow\) + 3Na2SO4
________0,05----------------------->0,1
=> mFe(OH)3 = 0,1.107=10,7(g)
\(a,\) Đặt \(n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Fe}=y(mol)\)
\(\Rightarrow 27x+56y=11(1)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\to FeSO_4+H_2\\ Al_2(SO_4)_3+6NaOH\to 2Al(OH)_3\downarrow+3Na_2SO_4\\ FeSO_4+2NaOH\to Fe(OH)_2\downarrow+Na_2SO_4\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al(OH)_3}=x;n_{Fe(OH)_2}=y\\ \Rightarrow 78x+90y=24,6(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow \begin{cases} x=0,2(mol)\\ y=0,1(mol) \end{cases} \Rightarrow \begin{cases} m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4(g)\\ m_{Fe}=11-5,4=5,6(g) \end{cases}\)
\(b,\Sigma n_{H_2SO_4}=1,5x+y=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2}=2(l)\\ c,\Sigma n_{NaOH}=3x+2y=0,8(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,8.40}{10\%}=320(g)\\ d,2Al(OH)_3\xrightarrow{t^o}Al_2O_3+3H_2O\\ Fe(OH)_2\xrightarrow{t^o}FeO+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al_2O_3}=0,1(mol);n_{FeO}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{\text{chất rắn}}=0,1.102+0,1.72=17,4(g)\)
Câu 2:
\(n_{MgBr_2}=\dfrac{14,72}{184}=0,08\left(mol\right)\\ Mg+Br_2\rightarrow MgBr_2\\ n_{Mg}=n_{Br_2}=n_{MgBr_2}=0,08\left(mol\right)\\ a=m_{Mg}=24.0,08=1,92\left(g\right)\\ m_{Br_2}=160.0,08=12,8\left(g\right)\)
Câu 1:
\(n_{AlBr_3}=\dfrac{106,8}{267}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+3Br_2\rightarrow2AlBr_3\\ n_{Al}=n_{AlBr_3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,4=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ a=m_{Al}=0,4.27=10,8\left(g\right)\\ m_{Br_2}=160.0,6=96\left(g\right)\)
a, \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(FeCl_3+3KOH\rightarrow3KCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_{3\downarrow}\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=6n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=n_{FeCl_3}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,2.107=21,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{KOH}=3n_{FeCl_3}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{KOH}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3\left(M\right)\)
Đặt số mol Fe3O4 là x (mol)
Fe3O4 + 8HCl → 2FeCl3 + FeCl2 + 4H2O
x..............8x..........2x............x
Cu + 2FeCl3 ⟶ 2FeCl2 + CuCl2
x.........2x................2x.............x
Kim loại không tan là Cu
Dung dịch Y gồm FeCl2, CuCl2 và HCl dư
=> \(n_{FeCl_2}=x+2x=3x\left(mol\right);n_{CuCl_2}=x\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{OH^-}=0,5.1+0,5.1=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(H^+_{\left(dư\right)}+OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)
\(Fe^{2+}+2OH^-\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2\)
3x..........6x...............3x
\(Cu^{2+}+2OH^-\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2\)
x.............2x.................x
Kết tủa là Cu(OH)2 và Fe(OH)2
Ta có : \(3x.90+x.98=36,8\)
=> x=0,1 (mol)
=> \(m_{Cu}=x.64+1,6=8\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m=0,1.232+8=31,2\left(g\right)\)
Mặt khác : \(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=1-\left(6x+2x\right)=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{HCl\left(bđ\right)}=8x+0,2=1\left(mol\right)\)
a,\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,2 0,4 0,2
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65.100\%}{21,1}=61,61\%;\%m_{ZnO}=100-61,61=38,39\%\)
b,\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{21,1-13}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: ZnO + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2O
Mol: 0,1 0,2
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,2+0,4\right).36,5.100\%}{7,3\%}=300\left(g\right)\)
c,
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,2 0,2
PTHH: ZnO + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2O
Mol: 0,1 0,1
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2+0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}=0,6\left(l\right)=600\left(ml\right)\)
\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=600.1,12=672\left(g\right)\)
Câu 1: D
Câu 2: C