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\(\dfrac{3}{1-\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}-1}{\sqrt{2}+1}=\dfrac{3\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)-\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2}{-1}=-\left(3\sqrt{2}+3-3+2\sqrt{2}\right)=-5\sqrt{2}\)
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{5}-1}{\sqrt{5}+1}+\dfrac{6}{1-\sqrt{5}}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right).\left(1-\sqrt{5}\right)+6.\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)}{-4}=\dfrac{6-2\sqrt{5}-6\sqrt{5}-6}{4}=\dfrac{-8\sqrt{5}}{4}=-2\sqrt{5}\)
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}{2-\sqrt{6}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{6}+2}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right).\left(\sqrt{6}+2\right)+\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right).\left(2-\sqrt{6}\right)}{-2}=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{12}-\sqrt{18}\right)}{-2}=\sqrt{18}-\sqrt{12}\)
\(\dfrac{-31+8\sqrt{x}-x}{x-8\sqrt{x}+15}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+5}{\sqrt{x}-3}-\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}-1}{5-\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\dfrac{-31+8\sqrt{x}-x}{\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+5}{\sqrt{x}-3}+\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}-5}\)
\(=\dfrac{-31+8\sqrt{x}-x-x+25+3x-9\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}=\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}-3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-5}\)
Bài 1:
Gọi vận tốc và thời gian dự định là a,b
Theo đề, ta có hệ phương trình:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a+3\right)\left(b-2\right)=ab\\\left(a-3\right)\left(b+3\right)=ab\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2a+3b=6\\3a-3b=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=15\\b=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Chiều dài khúc sông là 90km
\(A=\sqrt{2a\left(b+1\right)}+\sqrt{2b\left(c+1\right)}+\sqrt{2c\left(a+1\right)}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\sqrt{4a\left(b+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\sqrt{4b\left(c+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\sqrt{4c\left(a+1\right)}\)
\(A\le\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(4a+b+1\right)+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(4b+c+1\right)+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(4c+a+1\right)\)
\(A\le\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left[5\left(a+b+c\right)+3\right]=2\sqrt{2}\)
\(A_{max}=2\sqrt{2}\) khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
2:
a: \(A=\dfrac{x_1+x_2}{x_1x_2}=\dfrac{-6}{3}=-2\)
b: \(B=\dfrac{\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-3x_1x_2}{1-x_1x_2}=\dfrac{36-3\cdot3}{1-3}=\dfrac{36-9}{-2}=-\dfrac{27}{2}\)
c: \(C=\sqrt{\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-4x_1x_2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(-6\right)^2-4\cdot3}=2\sqrt{6}\)
d: \(D=\left(x_1+x_2\right)^3-3x_1x_2\left(x_1+x_2\right)-3x_1x_2\)
\(=\left(-6\right)^3-3\cdot3\cdot\left(-6\right)-3\cdot3\)
=261
14, \(\frac{-7\sqrt{x}+7}{5\sqrt{x}-1}+\frac{2\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}+2}+\frac{39\sqrt{x}+12}{5x+9\sqrt{x}-2}\)
\(=\frac{-7\sqrt{x}+7}{5\sqrt{x}-1}+\frac{2\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}+2}+\frac{39\sqrt{x}+12}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(5\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(-7\sqrt{x}+7\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)+\left(2\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(5\sqrt{x}-1\right)+39\sqrt{x}+12}{\left(5\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-7x-14\sqrt{x}+7\sqrt{x}+14+10x-2\sqrt{x}-10\sqrt{x}+2+39\sqrt{x}+12}{\left(5\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3x+20\sqrt{x}+28}{\left(5\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(3\sqrt{x}+14\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\left(5\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3\sqrt{x}+14}{5\sqrt{x}-1}\)
Bài 2 :
a) \(A=\sqrt{8+2\sqrt{7}}-\sqrt{7}=\sqrt{7+2\sqrt{7}+1}-\sqrt{7}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{7}+1\right)^2}-\sqrt{7}=\left|\sqrt{7}+1\right|-\sqrt{7}=\sqrt{7}+1-\sqrt{7}=1\)
b) \(B=\sqrt{7+4\sqrt{3}}-2\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{4+4\sqrt{3}+3}-2\sqrt{3}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}-2\sqrt{3}=\left|2+\sqrt{3}\right|-2\sqrt{3}\)
\(=2+\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{3}=2-\sqrt{3}\)
c) \(C=\sqrt{14-2\sqrt{13}}+\sqrt{14+2\sqrt{13}}\)
\(=\sqrt{13-2\sqrt{13}+1}+\sqrt{13+2\sqrt{13}+1}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{13}-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{13}+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{13}-1\right|+\left|\sqrt{13}+1\right|\)
\(=\sqrt{13}-1+\sqrt{13}+1=2\sqrt{13}\)
d) \(D=\sqrt{22-2\sqrt{21}}+\sqrt{22+2\sqrt{21}}\)
\(=\sqrt{21-2\sqrt{21}+1}+\sqrt{21+2\sqrt{21}+1}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{21}-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{21}+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{21}-1\right|+\left|\sqrt{21}+1\right|\)
\(=\sqrt{21}-1+\sqrt{21}+1=2\sqrt{21}\)
3:
a: \(P=\dfrac{3x+3-2x+6\sqrt{x}-x-3\sqrt{x}}{x-9}:\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-2-\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
\(=\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}+3}{x-9}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}+1}=\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
b: Khi x=20-6căn 11 thì \(P=\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{11}-3+3}=\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{11}}\)
c: P>1/2
=>P-1/2>0
=>\(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}+3}-\dfrac{1}{2}>0\)
=>6-căn x-3>0
=>3-căn x>0
=>0<x<9