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\(n_{Fe2O3}=\dfrac{24}{160}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{ct}=\dfrac{19,6.300}{100}=58,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{58,8}{98}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2|\)
1 3 1 3
0,15 0,6 0,15
a) Lập tỉ số so sánh : \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}< \dfrac{0,6}{3}\)
⇒ Fe2O3 phản ứng hết , H2SO4 dư
⇒ Tính toán dựa vào số mol của Fe2O3
\(n_{Fe2\left(SO4\right)3}=\dfrac{0,15.1}{1}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Fe2\left(SO4\right)3}=0,15.400=60\left(g\right)\)
b) Dung dịch X sau phản ứng gồm : \(Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\) va dung dịch \(H_2SO_4\) dư
\(n_{H2SO4\left(dư\right)}=0,6-\left(0,15.3\right)=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{H2SO4\left(dư\right)}=0,15.98=14,7\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=24+300-324\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{Fe2\left(SO4\right)3}=\dfrac{60.100}{324}=18,52\)0/0
\(C_{H2SO4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{14,7.100}{324}=4,54\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
a)
$n_{Fe} = \dfrac{11,2}{56} = 0,2(mol) ; n_{HCl} = 0,1.2 = 0,2(mol)$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
Ta thấy :
$n_{Fe} : 1 > n_{HCl} : 2$ nên Fe dư
$n_{H_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl} = 0,1(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)$
b)
$n_{Fe\ pư} = n_{H_2} = 0,1(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{Fe\ dư} = 11,2 - 0,1.56 = 5,6(gam)$
c)
$n_{FeCl_2} = n_{Fe\ pư} = 0,1(mol)$
$C_{M_{FeCl_2}} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,1} = 1M$
a) CaO + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + H2O
CaCO3 + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
b) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CaCO3 + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
_____0,1<-----0,2<-------0,1<-----0,1
=> mCaCO3 = 0,1.100 = 10 (g)
=> mCaO = 15,6 - 10 = 5,6 (g)
b) \(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:CaO + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + H2O
_____0,1--->0,2------>0,1
=> mHCl = (0,2+0,2).36,5 = 14,6 (g)
=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6.100}{14,6}=100\left(g\right)\)
mdd sau pư = 15,6 + 100 - 0,1.44 = 111,2 (g)
=> \(C\%\left(CaCl_2\right)=\dfrac{\left(0,1+0,1\right).111}{111,2}.100\%=19,96\%\)
PTHH : CaO + 2HCl ---> CaCl2 + H2O (1)
1 : 2 : 1 : 2
CaCO3 + 2HCl ---> CaCl2 + H2O + CO2 (2)
1 : 2 : 1 : 1 : 1
Ta có \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{V}{22.4}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{CaCO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{CaCO_3}=n.M=0,1.100=10\left(g\right)\)
=> mCaO = 15,6 - 10 = 5,6 (g)
c) \(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{CO_2}=n.M=0,1.44=4,4\left(g\right)\)
Ta có \(m_{HCl}=m_{HCl\left(1\right)}+m_{HCl\left(2\right)}\)
\(=n_{HCl\left(1\right)}.M+n_{HCl\left(2\right)}.M\)
\(0,2.36,5+0,2.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{m_{HCl}.100\%}{C\%}=\dfrac{14,6.100\%}{14.6\%}100\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd\text{ sau pư}}=m_{ddHCl}+m_{CaO}+m_{CaCO_3}-m_{CO_2}\)
= 100 + 5.6 + 10 - 4,4 = 111.2(g)
=> \(m_{CaCl_2}=m_{CaCl_2\left(1\right)}+m_{CaCl_2\left(2\right)}\)
\(=n_{CaCl_2\left(1\right)}.M+n_{CaCl_2\left(2\right)}.M\)
= 0,1.91 + 0,1.91 = 18,2 (g)
=> \(C\%=\dfrac{m_{CaCl_2}}{m_{\text{dd sau pư}}}.100\%=\dfrac{18,2}{111,2}.100\%=16,37\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,7185}{24,79}=0,15(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,4}=0,75M\)
a, PT: \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(MgCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
Ta có: 100nCaCO3 + 84nMgCO3 = 14,2 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}+n_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CaCO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgCO_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{0,1.100}{14,2}.100\%\approx70,42\%\\\%m_{MgCO_3}\approx29,58\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,6}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
PTHH :
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\)
x 2x x x x
\(MgCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)
y 2y y y y
Có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}100x+84y=14,2\\x+y=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x=0,1;y=0,05\)
\(a,\%m_{CaCO_3}=0,1.100:14,2.100\%\approx72,423\%\)
\(\%m_{MgCO_3}=100\%-72,423\%\approx29,577\%\)
\(b,C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,2+0,1}{0,6}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
mik sửa lại cái dưới bị lỗi latex
\(a.n_{HCl}=0,05.2=0,1\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\\ 2R+6HCl\rightarrow2RCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,1}{6}>\dfrac{0,03}{3}\Rightarrow HCl.dư,R.pư.hết\\ n_R=0,03.2:3=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ M_R=\dfrac{0,54}{0,02}=27\left(g/mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow R=27\left(Al,nhôm\right)\\ b.C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,3.2:3}{0,05}=0,4M\\ C_{M_{HCl\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0,1-\left(0,3.6:3\right)}{0,05}=0,8M\)
\(a.n_{HCl}=0,05.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\\ 2R+6HCl\rightarrow2RCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,1}{6}>\dfrac{0,03}{3}\Rightarrow HCl.dư,R.pư.hết\\ n_R=0,03.2:3=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ M_R=\dfrac{0,54}{0,02}=27\left(g/mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow R=27\left(Al,nhôm\right)\\ b.n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,02mol\\ C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,05}=0,4M\\ C_M_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,1-\left(0,03.2\right)}{0,05}=0,8M\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4.48}{22.4}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.2.........0.4.........0.2......0.2\)
\(m_{Zn}=0.2\cdot65=13\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ZnO}=14.6-13=1.6\left(g\right)\)
\(\%Zn=\dfrac{13}{14.6}\cdot100\%=89.04\%\)
\(\%ZnO=100\%-89.04\%=10.96\%\)
\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{1.6}{81}\approx0.02\left(mol\right)\)
\(ZnO+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2O\)
\(0.02........0.04........0.02........0.02\)
\(n_{HCl}=0.4+0.04=0.44\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.44}{0.8}=0.55\left(M\right)\)
Eeeee ngồi tính sang chấn thật nó ra số xấu lần mò hơn 20p chưa biết tính sai chỗ nào
a, \(m_{HCl}=200.14,6\%=29,2\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{29,2}{36,5}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,4 0,8 0,4 0,4
\(V_{H_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)
b, \(m_{Zn}=0,4.65=26\left(g\right)\)
c, mdd sau pứ = 26 + 200 - 0,4.2 = 225,2 (g)
\(C_{M_{ddZnCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,4.136.100\%}{225,2}=24,16\%\)
\(a.n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6\%.80}{36,5}=0,32\left(mol\right)\\ a.Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,05}{1}< \dfrac{0,32}{2}\\ \Rightarrow HCldư\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2}=n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\\ b.Chất.trong.dd.sau.phản.ứng:FeCl_2,HCl\left(dư\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=2,8+80-0,05.2=82,7\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddFeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,05.127}{82,7}.100\approx7,678\%\\n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,32-0,05.2=0,22\left(mol\right)\\ C\%_{ddHCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,22.36,5}{82,7}.100\approx9,71\% \)