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B=-1/3+1/3^2-.....-1/3^51
3B=-1/3^2+1/3^3-.....-1/3^52
3B-B=(-1/3^2+1/3^3-....-1/3^52)-(-1/3+1/3^2-....-1/3^51)
2B= -1/3^52-1/3
2B= -1/3^52-3^51/3^52
2B= -1-3^51/3^52
B= -3^51-1/3^52x2
\(B=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{50}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{51}}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\left(-3\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(-3\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(-3\right)^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(-3\right)^{50}}+\dfrac{1}{\left(-3\right)^{51}}-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\left(3\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(3\right)^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(-3\right)^{51}}+\dfrac{1}{\left(-3\right)^{52}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4}{3}B=\dfrac{1}{-3}-\dfrac{1}{\left(-3\right)^{52}}=\dfrac{-3^{51}-1}{3^{52}}\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{-3^{51}-1}{4.3^{51}}\)
a)\(A=\frac{1}{2^1}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{49}}+\frac{1}{2^{50}}\)
\(2A=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{48}}+\frac{1}{2^{49}}\)
\(A=1-\frac{1}{2^{50}}
Lời giải:
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{3^2}=\frac{1}{3.3}< \frac{1}{2.3}\)
..........
\(\frac{1}{50^2}< \frac{1}{49.50}\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(B< \frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{49.50}=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3-2}{2.3}+....+\frac{50-49}{49.50}=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{50}< \frac{3}{4}\)
Ta có đpcm