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\(A=\dfrac{\dfrac{2017}{2}+\dfrac{2017}{3}+\dfrac{2017}{4}+...+\dfrac{2017}{2018}}{\dfrac{2017}{1}+\dfrac{2016}{2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2017}}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{2017}{1}+\dfrac{2016}{2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2017}\) là B
\(B=\dfrac{2017}{1}+\dfrac{2016}{2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2017}\\ =\dfrac{2017}{1}+1+\dfrac{2016}{2}+1+...+\dfrac{1}{2017}+1-2017\\ =\dfrac{2018}{1}+\dfrac{2018}{2}+...+\dfrac{2018}{2017}-2017\\ =\dfrac{2018}{2}+\dfrac{2018}{3}+...+\dfrac{2018}{2017}+\left(2018-2017\right)\\ =\dfrac{2018}{2}+\dfrac{2018}{3}+...+\dfrac{2018}{2017}+1\\ =\dfrac{2018}{2}+\dfrac{2018}{3}+...+\dfrac{2018}{2017}+\dfrac{2018}{2018}\\ =2018.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2018}\right)\)
\(A=\dfrac{\dfrac{2017}{2}+\dfrac{2017}{3}+...+\dfrac{2017}{2018}}{2018\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2018}\right)}\\ =\dfrac{2017.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2018}\right)}{2018.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2018}\right)}\\ =\dfrac{2017}{2018}\)
a) \(S=\dfrac{2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2017}}{1-2^{2017}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2S=\dfrac{2\left(2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2017}\right)}{1-2^{2017}}\)
\(2S=\dfrac{2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2018}}{1-2^{2017}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2S-S=S=\dfrac{2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2018}}{1-2^{2017}}-\dfrac{2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2017}}{1-2^{2017}}\)
\(S=\dfrac{\left(2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2018}\right)-\left(2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2017}\right)}{1-2^{2017}}\)
\(S=\dfrac{2^{2018}-2}{1-2^{2017}}=\dfrac{-2\left(1-2^{2017}\right)}{1-2^{2017}}=-2\) vậy \(S=-2\)
Giải:
\(S=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{2}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{n}{2^n}+...+\dfrac{2017}{2^{2017}}\)
Với \(n>2\) thì \(\dfrac{n}{2^n}=\dfrac{n+1}{2^{n-1}}-\dfrac{n+2}{2^n}\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{n+1}{2^{n-1}}=\dfrac{n+1}{2^n:2}=\dfrac{2.\left(n+1\right)}{2^n}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{n+1}{2^{n-1}}-\dfrac{n+2}{2^n}\)
\(=\dfrac{2.\left(n+1\right)}{2^n}-\dfrac{n+2}{2^n}\)
\(=\dfrac{2.\left(n+1\right)-n-2}{2^n}\)
\(=\dfrac{n}{2^n}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S=\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{2+1}{2^{2-1}}-\dfrac{2+2}{2^2}\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{2016+1}{2^{2015}}-\dfrac{2018}{2^{2016}}\right)+\left(\dfrac{2017+1}{2^{2016}}-\dfrac{2019}{2^{2017}}\right)\)
\(S=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{2019}{2017}\)
\(S=2-\dfrac{2019}{2017}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S=2-\dfrac{2019}{2017}< 2\)
Hay \(S< 2\)
\(A=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2017}+\dfrac{2}{2016}+\dfrac{3}{2015}+...+\dfrac{2016}{2}+\dfrac{2017}{1}}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016}+\dfrac{1}{2017}+\dfrac{1}{2018}}\)
\(A=\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{2017}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2}{2016}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{2015}+1\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{2016}{2}+1\right)+1}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016}+\dfrac{1}{2017}+\dfrac{1}{2018}}\)
\(A=\dfrac{\dfrac{2018}{2017}+\dfrac{2018}{2016}+\dfrac{2018}{2015}+...+\dfrac{2018}{2}+\dfrac{2018}{2018}}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016}+\dfrac{1}{2017}+\dfrac{1}{2018}}\)
\(A=\dfrac{2018\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016}+\dfrac{1}{2017}+\dfrac{1}{2018}\right)}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016}+\dfrac{1}{2017}+\dfrac{1}{2018}}=2018\)
\(P=\dfrac{2017}{2.3}+\dfrac{2017}{3.4}+.......+\dfrac{2017}{19.20}\)
\(=2017\left(\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+.......+\dfrac{1}{19.20}\right)\)
\(=2017\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+....+\dfrac{1}{19}-\dfrac{1}{20}\right)\)
\(=2017\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{20}\right)\)
\(=2017.\dfrac{9}{20}\)
\(=907,65\)
Vì \(A=\dfrac{10^{2017}-2}{10^{2017}+1}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{10^{2017}-2}{10^{2017}+1}< \dfrac{10^{2017}-2+2}{10^{2017}+1+2}=\dfrac{10^{2017}}{10^{2017}+3}=A\)
Vậy A > B
Vì \(A< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{10^{2017}-2+2}{10^{2017}+1+2}=\dfrac{10^{2017}}{10^{2017}+3}=B\)
Vậy A < B
Vì \(B=\dfrac{2017^{2018}-2}{2017^{2019}-2}< 1\)
Ta có :
\(B=\dfrac{2017^{2018}-2}{2017^{2019}-2}< \dfrac{2017^{2018}-2+2019}{2017^{2019}-2+2019}=\dfrac{2017^{2018}+2017}{2017^{2019}+2017}=\dfrac{2017\left(2017^{2017}+1\right)}{2017\left(2017^{2018}+1\right)}=\dfrac{2017^{2017}+1}{2017^{2018}+1}=A\)
Vậy B < A
C1:
Gọi \(S=2017+\dfrac{2017}{2}+\dfrac{2017}{2^2}+\dfrac{2017}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{2017}{2^{2017}}\)
\(S=2017+\dfrac{2017}{2}+\dfrac{2017}{2^2}+\dfrac{2017}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{2017}{2^{2017}}\\ 2S=4034+2017+\dfrac{2017}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{2017}{2^{2016}}\\ 2S-S=\left(4034+2017+\dfrac{2017}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{2017}{2^{2016}}\right)-\left(2017+\dfrac{2017}{2}+\dfrac{2017}{2^2}+\dfrac{2017}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{2017}{2^{2017}}\right)\\ S=4034-\dfrac{2017}{2^{2017}}\)
(Khuyên dùng)
C2:
\(2017+\dfrac{2017}{2}+\dfrac{2017}{2^2}+\dfrac{2017}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{2017}{2^{2017}}\\ =2017\cdot\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2017}}\right)\)Gọi \(S=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2017}}\)
\(S=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2017}}\\ 2S=2+1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2016}}\\ 2S-S=\left(2+1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2016}}\right)-\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2017}}\right)\\ S=2-\dfrac{1}{2^{2017}}\)
\(2017+\dfrac{2017}{2}+\dfrac{2017}{2^2}+\dfrac{2017}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{2017}{2^{2017}}\\ =2017\cdot S\\ =2017\cdot\left(2-\dfrac{1}{2^{2017}}\right)\\ =4034-\dfrac{2017}{2^{2017}}\)