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\(10^{10}+\frac{1}{10}^{10}=10^{10}\)
\(10^9+\frac{1}{10}^8+1=10^9+1\)
\(10^{10}>10^9+1\)
Giải:
a) Gọi dãy đó là A, ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2014}}\)
\(2A=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2013}}\)
\(2A-A=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2013}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2014}}\right)\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2^{2014}}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{2}< 1;\dfrac{1}{2^{2014}}< 1\) nên \(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2^{2014}}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1\)
b) \(A=\dfrac{10^{11}-1}{10^{12}-1}\) và \(B=\dfrac{10^{10}+1}{10^{11}+1}\)
Ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{10^{11}-1}{10^{12}-1}\)
\(10A=\dfrac{10^{12}-10}{10^{12}-1}\)
\(10A=\dfrac{10^{12}-1+9}{10^{12}-1}\)
\(10A=1+\dfrac{9}{10^{12}-1}\)
Tương tự:
\(B=\dfrac{10^{10}+1}{10^{11}+1}\)
\(10B=\dfrac{10^{11}+10}{10^{11}+1}\)
\(10B=\dfrac{10^{11}+1+9}{10^{11}+1}\)
\(10B=1+\dfrac{9}{10^{11}+1}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{9}{10^{12}-1}< \dfrac{9}{10^{11}+1}\) nên \(10A< 10B\)
\(\Rightarrow A< B\)
Ta chứng minh bài toán phụ:
Nếu \(\frac{a}{b}< 1\)thì \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+c}\)
Ta có: \(a< b\)
\(\Rightarrow ac< bc\)
\(\Rightarrow ac+ba< bc+ba\)
\(\Rightarrow a.\left(b+c\right)< b.\left(a+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+c}\)
đpcm
Áp dụng:
\(\frac{10^9+1}{10^{10}+1}< \frac{10^9+1+9}{10^{10}+1+9}=\frac{10^9+10}{10^{10}+10}=\frac{10.\left(10^8+1\right)}{10.\left(10^9+1\right)}=\frac{10^8+1}{10^9+1}\)
Vậy \(\frac{10^9+1}{10^{10}+1}< \frac{10^8+1}{10^9+1}\)
Tham khảo nhé~
1.10^1=1.10=10