Cho S=2^0+2^2+2^4+2^6+2^8+......+2^202 . Chứng minh rằng S chia het cho 3
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*)S=2+22+23+24+.....+28
Vì các số hạng của S chia hết chia hết cho 2
*) S=2+22+23+24+.....+28
=> S=(2+22)+(23+24)+.....+(27+28)
=> S=2(1+2)+23(1+2)+....+27(1+2)
=> S=2.3+23.3+.....+27.3
=> S=3(2+23+....+27)
=> S chia hết cho 3
Ta có 2 và 3 là 2 số nguyên tố cùng nhau => S chia hết cho 2.3=6
=> S chia hết cho -6 (đpcm)
B = (1 + 3) + (32+33)+.....+(389+390)
= 4 + 32 .(1 + 3) + .....+390.(1+3)
= 1 .4 + 32.4 + ..... +390.4
= 4.(1 + 32 + .... +390) chia hết cho 4
\(S=3+3^2+3^3+3^4+....+3^{89}+3^{90}\)
\(=\left(3+3^2+3^3\right)+\left(3^4+3^5+3^6\right)+...+\left(3^{88}+3^{89}+3^{90}\right)\)
\(==3\left(1+3+3^2\right)+3^4\left(1+3+3^2\right)+3^{88}\left(1+3+3^2\right)\)
\(=\left(1+3+3^2\right).\left(3+3^4+....+3^{88}\right)\)
\(=13\left(3+3^4+...+3^{88}\right)\)\(⋮\)\(13\)
\(S=2^0+2^2+...+2^{2014}.\)
\(S=\left(2^0+2^2+2^4+2^6\right)+.....+\left(2^{2008}+2^{2010}+2^{2012}+2^{2014}\right)\)
\(S=17+.....+2^{2008}.17\)
\(S=17.\left(2^0+...+2^{2008}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S⋮17\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(S=2^0+2^2+...+2^{2014}.\)
\(S=\left(2^0+2^2+2^4\right)+....+\left(2^{2010}+2^{2012}+2^{2014}\right)\)
\(S=21+....+2^{2010}.21\)
\(S=21.\left(2^0+...+2^{2010}\right)\)
\(S=7.3.\left(2^0+....+2^{2010}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S⋮7\left(đpcm\right)\)
S = 20 + 22 + 24 + 26 + 28 + ... + 22014
S = (20 + 22 + 24) + (26 + 28 + 210) + ... + (22010 + 22012 + 22014)
S = (20 + 22 + 24) + 26(20 + 22 + 24) + ... + 22010(20 + 22 + 24)
S = (20 + 22 + 24)(26 + ... + 22010)
S = 21 . (26 + ... + 22010)
Vì 21 \(⋮\)7 nên 21 . (26 + ... + 22010) \(⋮\)7 => S \(⋮7\)
Đặt A=\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)
A=\(\dfrac{1}{2.2}+\dfrac{1}{3.3}+\dfrac{1}{4.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{100.100}\)
Ta thấy :
\(\dfrac{1}{2.2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2};\dfrac{1}{3.3}< \dfrac{1}{2.3};\dfrac{1}{4.4}< \dfrac{1}{3.4};...;\)
\(\dfrac{1}{100.100}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
Nhân xét :
\(\dfrac{1}{1.2}=1-\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{2.3}=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3};\dfrac{1}{3.4}=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4};\)
\(...;\dfrac{1}{99.100}=\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\)
\(\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{99}{100}\)
Vì \(A< \dfrac{99}{100}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1\)
Bài 1)
Đặt \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+.....+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)
Ta thấy:
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{2.2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2};\dfrac{1}{3^2}=\dfrac{1}{3.3}< \dfrac{1}{2.3};\dfrac{1}{4^2}=\dfrac{1}{4.4}< \dfrac{1}{3.4};....;\dfrac{1}{100^2}=\dfrac{1}{100.100}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)\(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+.....+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+....+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) A < \(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+......+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) A < \(1-\dfrac{1}{100}\) < 1 \(\Rightarrow\) A < 1
Vậy \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+.....+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)< 1
Bài 3:
\(A=5+5^2+..+5^{12}\)
\(5A=5\cdot\left(5+5^2+..5^{12}\right)\)
\(5A=5^2+5^3+...+5^{13}\)
\(5A-A=\left(5^2+5^3+...+5^{13}\right)-\left(5+5^2+...+5^{12}\right)\)
\(4A=5^2+5^3+...+5^{13}-5-5^2-...-5^{12}\)
\(4A=5^{13}-5\)
\(A=\dfrac{5^{13}-5}{4}\)
a, S = 1+3+32+33+...+339
3S = 3+32+33+34+...+340
2S = 3S - S = 340 - 1
=> S = \(\frac{3^{40}-1}{2}\)
b, S = 1+3+32+33+...+339
S = (1+3+32+33)+(34+35+36+37)+....+(336+337+338+339)
S = 1(1+3+32+33) + 34(1+3+32+33) +.....+ 336.(1+3+32+33)
S = 1.40 + 34.40 +.....+ 336.40
S = 40.(1+34+...+336) chia hết cho 40
S = 4.10.(1+34+...+336) chia hết cho 4
=> Đpcm
\(=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^7+2^8\right)\)
\(=2.\left(1+2\right)+2^3.\left(1+2\right)+...+2^7.\left(1+2\right)\)
\(=3.\left(2+2^3+...+2^7\right)=3.2.\left(1+2^2+2^3+...+2^6\right)\)
\(=6.\left(1+2^2+2^3+...+2^6\right)⋮-6\)
Xét \(2^2S=2^2+2^4+.....+2^{204}\)
=>\(\left(2^2-1\right)S=2^{204}-2^0\)
=>3S=\(2^{204}-1\)
Ta có \(2^3\equiv-1\left(mod9\right)=>2^{204}\equiv1\left(mod3\right)\)
=>\(=>2^{204}-1⋮9=>3S⋮9=>S⋮3\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
thank