cm
\(A=\dfrac{1}{1^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{50^2}< 2\)
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Lời giải:
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{1.2^2}=\frac{1}{2^2}\)
\(2.3^2>3^2\Rightarrow \frac{1}{2.3^2}< \frac{1}{3^2}\)
\(3.4^2> 4^2\Rightarrow \frac{1}{3.4^2}< \frac{1}{4^2}\)
...........
\(49.50^2> 50^2\Rightarrow \frac{1}{49.50^2}< \frac{1}{50^2}\)
Cộng theo từng vế các BĐT:
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{1.2^2}+\frac{1}{2.3^2}+\frac{1}{3.4^2}+....+\frac{1}{49.50^2}< \frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+....+\frac{1}{50^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< B\)
Vậy ta có đpcm.
\(\left(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{5}+....+\frac{1}{2n-1}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+....+\frac{1}{2n}\right)=\left(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+.....+\frac{1}{2n-1}+\frac{1}{2n}\right)-2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+.....+\frac{1}{2n}\right)=\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2n-1}+\frac{1}{2n}-\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}-....-\frac{1}{n}=\frac{1}{n+1}+\frac{1}{n+2}+....+\frac{1}{2n}\left(\text{đpcm}\right)\)
Câu b hướng làm đó là tách con 1/3 và 1/2 ra thành 50 phân số giống nhau. E tách 1/3=50/150 rồi so sánh 1/101, 1/102,...,1/149 với 1/150. Còn vế sau 1/2=50/100 tách tương tự rồi so sánh thôi
2a.
$\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}$
$< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+....+\frac{1}{49.50}$
$=\frac{2-1}{1.2}+\frac{3-2}{2.3}+...+\frac{50-49}{49.50}$
$=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+....+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}$
$=1-\frac{1}{50}< 1$ (đpcm)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{49}+\dfrac{2}{48}+\dfrac{3}{47}+...+\dfrac{48}{2}+\dfrac{49}{1}\)
\(B=\left(\dfrac{1}{49}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2}{48}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{47}+1\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{48}{2}+1\right)+\dfrac{49}{1}\)
\(B=\left(\dfrac{50}{49}+\dfrac{50}{49}+\dfrac{50}{48}+\dfrac{50}{47}+...+\dfrac{50}{2}\right)+1\)
\(B=\dfrac{50}{50}+\dfrac{50}{49}+\dfrac{50}{49}+\dfrac{50}{48}+\dfrac{50}{47}+...+\dfrac{50}{2}\)
\(B=50\left(\dfrac{1}{50}+\dfrac{1}{49}+\dfrac{1}{48}+...+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{A}{B}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{49}+\dfrac{1}{50}}{50\left(\dfrac{1}{50}+\dfrac{1}{49}+\dfrac{1}{48}+...+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)}=\dfrac{1}{50}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{6}+...+\dfrac{1}{50\cdot\dfrac{49}{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot\dfrac{4}{2}}+...+\dfrac{1}{50\cdot\dfrac{49}{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{2\cdot3}+\dfrac{2}{3\cdot4}+...+\dfrac{2}{49\cdot50}\)
\(=2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{49}-\dfrac{1}{50}\right)\)
=2*24/50=48/50=24/25
\(\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)+\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2^2}\right)+...+\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2^{50}}\right)\)
= \(\left(1+1+1+...+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{50}}\right)\)(50 số 1 )
= \(50+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{50}}\right)\)
A =\(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{50}}\)
⇒ 2A = \(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{49}}\)
⇒ 2A - A =\(1-\dfrac{1}{2^{50}}\)
=50+1-\(\dfrac{1}{2^{50}}\)=51-\(\dfrac{1}{2^{50}}>3\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{1^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{50^2}< 1+\dfrac{1}{2^2-1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2-1}+...+\dfrac{1}{50^2-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< 1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{8}+...+\dfrac{1}{2499}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< 1+\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{6}+...++\dfrac{1}{48}-\dfrac{1}{50}+\dfrac{1}{49}-\dfrac{1}{51}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< 1+\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\left(1-\dfrac{1}{51}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{50}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< 1+\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\left(\dfrac{50}{51}+\dfrac{24}{50}\right)\)
Nhận xét \(\dfrac{50}{51}< 1;\dfrac{24}{50}< 1\Rightarrow A< 1+\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\left(\dfrac{50}{51}+\dfrac{24}{50}\right)< 1+\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\left(1+1\right)=2\)
Vậy A<2
Nhận xét: \(\dfrac{1}{1^2}=1\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
...........
\(\dfrac{1}{50^2}< \dfrac{1}{49.50}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1+\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{49.50}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1+1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{49}-\dfrac{1}{50}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 1+1-\dfrac{1}{50}=2-\dfrac{1}{50}< 2\)
Vậy A < 2
\(a,=\dfrac{13}{50}\cdot\dfrac{50}{13}\cdot\left(-\dfrac{31}{2}\right)\cdot\dfrac{169}{2}=-\dfrac{5239}{2}\\ b,=\dfrac{-\dfrac{49}{100}\cdot\left(-125\right)}{-\dfrac{343}{27}\cdot\dfrac{81}{16}\cdot\left(-1\right)}=\dfrac{\dfrac{245}{4}}{\dfrac{1029}{16}}=\dfrac{245}{4}\cdot\dfrac{16}{1029}=\dfrac{20}{21}\)
a) \(\dfrac{13}{50}.\left(-15.5\right):\dfrac{13}{50}.84\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{13}{50}.-75:\dfrac{13}{50}.\dfrac{169}{2}=-\dfrac{75.169}{2}=-\dfrac{12675}{2}\)
b) \(\dfrac{\left(-0,7\right)^2.\left(-5\right)^3}{\left(-2\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^3.\left(1\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^4.\left(-1\right)^5}=\dfrac{0,49.\left(-125\right)}{-\dfrac{343}{27}.\dfrac{81}{16}.\left(-1\right)}=-\dfrac{\dfrac{245}{4}}{\dfrac{1029}{16}}=\dfrac{20}{21}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}< \dfrac{1}{1\cdot2};\dfrac{1}{3^2}< \dfrac{1}{2\cdot3};.....;\dfrac{1}{50^2}< \dfrac{1}{49\cdot50}\\ =>\dfrac{1}{1^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{50^2}< 1+\dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}+....+\dfrac{1}{49\cdot50}=1+1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+....+\dfrac{1}{49}-\dfrac{1}{50}=\left(1+1\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)-.....-\left(\dfrac{1}{49}-\dfrac{1}{49}\right)-\dfrac{1}{50}=2-0-0-0.....-\dfrac{1}{50}\\ =2-\dfrac{1}{50}< 2=>\dfrac{1}{1^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{50^2}< 2\)