cho x+y = m và x.y=n, tính giá trị biểu thứ theo m, n :
1) x\(^2\)+ y \(^2\)
2) x\(^3\) + y \(^3\)
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\(a,x^2+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=\left(-3\right)^2-2.\left(-28\right)=65\)
\(b,x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)^3-3x^2y-3xy^2\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(-3\right)^3-3.\left(-28\right).\left(-3\right)=-279\)
\(c,x^4+y^4=\left(x+y\right)^4-4x^3y-4xy^3-6x^2y^2\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^4-4xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)-6\left(xy\right)^2\)
\(=\left(-3\right)^4-4.\left(-28\right).65-6.\left(-28\right)^2=2657\)
\(P=\dfrac{x^3}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^3}{x^2}+2020=\dfrac{x^5+y^5}{\left(xy\right)^2}+2020=\dfrac{\left(x^3+y^3\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)-\left(xy\right)^2\left(x+y\right)}{\left(-2\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left[\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)\right]\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\right]-\left(-2\right)^2.5}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(-8+6.5\right)\left(25+4\right)-20}{4}=...\)
= ( x3 + 3x2y + 3xy2 + y3 ) - 6xy - 3x2 - 3y2 + 3x + 3y + 2012
= ( x + y )3 - 3xy - 3x2 - 3xy - y2 + 3. ( x + y ) + 2012
= ( x + y )3 - 3x ( x + y ) - 3y .( x + y ) + 3.( x + y ) + 2012
= ( x + y )3 - 3.( x + y ) ( x + y ) + 3( x + y ) + 2012
= 1013 - 3.1012 + 3.101 + 2012
= 1002013
( x+y)2= x2 +2xy+y2
=> x2 +y2 =( x+y)2 -2xy
Thay x+y =m và xy= n vào biểu thức , ta có:
x2 +y2 = m2 -2n
Vậy nếu x+y =m và xy= n thì x2 +y2 = m2 -2n.
\(\frac{x^2+y^2}{xy}=\frac{10}{3}\Rightarrow3x^2+3y^2-10xy=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3x^2-9xy\right)-\left(xy-3y^2\right)=0\Rightarrow3x\left(x-3y\right)-y\left(x-3y\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-3y\right)\left(3x-y\right)=0\Rightarrow3x-y=0\left(y>x>0\Rightarrow x-3y< 0\right)\Rightarrow3x=y\)
\(M=\frac{x-y}{x+y}=\frac{x-3x}{x+3x}=\frac{-2x}{4x}=-\frac{1}{2}\)
Bài 1.
A = x2 + 2xy + y2 = ( x + y )2 = ( -1 )2 = 1
B = x2 + y2 = ( x2 + 2xy + y2 ) - 2xy = ( x + y )2 - 2xy = (-1)2 - 2.(-12) = 1 + 24 = 25
C = x3 + 3xy( x + y ) + y3 = ( x3 + y3 ) + 3xy( x + y ) = ( x + y )( x2 - xy + y2 ) + 3xy( x + y )
= -1( 25 + 12 ) + 3.(-12).(-1)
= -37 + 36
= -1
D = x3 + y3 = ( x3 + 3x2y + 3xy2 + y3 ) - 3x2y - 3xy2 = ( x + y )3 - 3xy( x + y ) = (-1)3 - 3.(-12).(-1) = -1 - 36 = -37
Bài 2.
M = 3( x2 + y2 ) - 2( x3 + y3 )
= 3( x2 + y2 ) - 2( x + y )( x2 - xy + y2 )
= 3( x2 + y2 ) - 2( x2 - xy + y2 )
= 3x2 + 3y2 - 2x2 + 2xy - 2y2
= x2 + 2xy + y2
= ( x + y )2 = 12 = 1
a) \(M=\left(x+y\right)^3+2x^2+4xy+2y^2\)
\(=7^3+2\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=343+2\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(=343+2.7^2\)
\(=343+98=441\)
b) \(N=\left(x-y\right)^3-x^2+2xy-y^2\)
\(=\left(-5\right)^3-\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=-125-\left(-5\right)^2\)
\(=-125-25=-150\)
a) x2 + y2
= (x2 + 2xy + y2) - 2xy
= (x + y)2 - 2xy
= m2 - 2n
b) x3 + y3
= (x + y)(x2 - xy + y2)
= m (x2 + 2xy + y2 - 3xy)
= m [(x + y)2 - 3xy]
= m . [ m2 - 3n ]
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