Cho a/b=c/d. Chứng minh:
a)a^5+3b^5/a^5-3b^5=c^5-3d^5
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\(1,\\ a,3^{2^3}=3^8>3^6=\left(3^2\right)^3\\ b,\left(-8\right)^9=\left(-2\right)^{27}< \left(-2\right)^{25}=\left(-32\right)^5\\ c,2^{21}=8^7< 9^7=3^{14}\\ 2,\)
\(a,\) Áp dụng tcdtsbn:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{5a+3b}{5c+3d}=\dfrac{5a-3b}{5c-3d}\)
\(b,\) Sửa: \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Leftrightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{b^2k}{d^2k}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2};\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left[b\left(k+1\right)\right]^2}{\left[d\left(k+1\right)\right]^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\\ \LeftrightarrowĐpcm\)
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{5a}{5c}=\frac{3b}{3d}.\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta được:
\(\frac{5a}{5c}=\frac{3b}{3d}=\frac{5a+3b}{5c+3d}\) (1)
\(\frac{5a}{5c}=\frac{3b}{3d}=\frac{5a-3b}{5c-3d}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\frac{5a+3b}{5c+3d}=\frac{5a-3b}{5c-3d}\left(đpcm\right).\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!
Bài làm :
Sửa đề bài : 5a+3b / 5a-3b = 5c+3d/5c-3d
\(\text{Đặt : }\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=bk\\c=dk\end{cases}}\)
Ta có :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{5a+3b}{5a-3b}=\frac{5bk+3b}{5bk-3b}=\frac{b\left(5k+3\right)}{b\left(5k-3\right)}=\frac{5k+3}{5k-3}\\\frac{5c+3d}{5c-3d}=\frac{5dk+3d}{5dk-3d}=\frac{d\left(5k+3\right)}{d\left(5k-3\right)}=\frac{5k+3}{5k-3}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{5a+3b}{5a-3b}=\frac{5c+3d}{5c-3d}\)
=> Điều phải chứng minh
a) \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(b+d\right)c=\left(a+c\right)d\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
b) \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{2a}{2b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{2a+c}{2b+d}=\dfrac{2a-c}{2b-d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2b-d\right)\left(2a+c\right)=\left(2a-c\right)\left(2b+d\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
c) \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{3c}{3d}=\dfrac{3a}{3b}=\dfrac{5c}{5d}=\dfrac{3a+5c}{3b+5d}=\dfrac{a-3c}{b-3d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(b-3d\right)\left(b-3d\right)=\left(3b+5d\right)\left(a-3c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
Đính chính câu c
\(\Rightarrow\left(3a+5c\right)\left(b-3d\right)=\left(3b+5d\right)\left(a-3c\right)\)
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=>\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\left(1\right)\)
ta có : \(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{5a}{5c}\left(2\right)\)
\(\frac{b}{d}=\frac{3b}{3d}\left(3\right)\)
từ 1 , 2 , 3 , và áp dụng tích chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có
\(\frac{5a}{5c}=\frac{3b}{3d}=\frac{5a+3b}{5c+3d}=\frac{5a-3b}{5c-3d}\left(dpcm\right)\)
Bài 2:
\(A=\frac{8^5(-5)^8+(-2)^5.10^9}{2^{16}.5^7+20^8}\) \(=\frac{(2^3)^5(-5)^8+(-2)^5.2^9.5^9}{2^{16}.5^7+(2^2.5)^8}\)
\(=\frac{2^{15}.5^8-2^5.2^9.5^9}{2^{16}.5^7+2^{16}.5^8}\)
\(=\frac{2^{14}.5^8(2-5)}{2^{16}.5^7(1+5)}\)
\(=\frac{5(-3)}{2^2.6}=\frac{-5}{8}\)
Bài 3:
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=t\Rightarrow a=bt; c=dt\)
Thay vào:
\(\frac{5a+3b}{5a-3b}=\frac{5bt+3b}{5bt-3b}=\frac{b(5t+3)}{b(5t-3)}=\frac{5t+3}{5t-3}\)
\(\frac{5c+3d}{5c-3d}=\frac{5dt+3d}{5dt-3d}=\frac{d(5t+3)}{d(5t-3)}=\frac{5t+3}{5t-3}\)
Do đó: \(\frac{5a+3b}{5a-3b}=\frac{5c+3d}{5c-3d}\) (đpcm)
Bài 4:
Ta có:
\(A=3+3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^{100}\)
\(=(3+3^2+3^3+3^4)+(3^5+3^6+3^7+3^8)+....+(3^{97}+3^{98}+3^{99}+3^{100})\)
\(=3(1+3+3^2+3^3)+3^5(1+3+3^2+3^3)+...+3^{97}(1+3+3^2+3^3)\)
\(=3.40+3^5.40+....+3^{97}.40\)
\(=120(1+3^4+....+3^{96})\vdots 120\)
Ta có đpcm.
4)
a) x/5 = y/3
=> 3x = 5y
=> x/y = 5/3
=> x= 16 :(5+3) . 5 = 10 ; y = 16 - 10 =6
=> (x;y) thuộc {(10;6)}
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=t\) suy ra \(a=bt,c=dt\).
\(\dfrac{a^5+3b^5}{a^5-3b^5}=\dfrac{\left(bt\right)^5+3b^5}{\left(bt\right)^5-3b^5}=\dfrac{b^5\left(t^5+3\right)}{b^5\left(t^5-3\right)}=\dfrac{t^5+3}{t^5-3}\)
\(\dfrac{c^5+3d^5}{c^5-3d^5}=\dfrac{\left(dt\right)^5+3d^5}{\left(dt\right)^5-3d^5}=\dfrac{d^5\left(t^5+3\right)}{d^5\left(t^5-3\right)}=\dfrac{t^5+3}{t^5-3}\)
Suy ra đpcm.