Tìm giá trị lớn nhất của:
a) \(A\left(x\right)=-5x^2-4x+1\)
b) \(B\left(x\right)=-3x^2+x+1\)
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đk : x khác 2; x khác 3; x khác 1
\(a.A=\left(\frac{x^2}{x^2-5x+6}+\frac{x^2}{x^2-3x+2}\right)\cdot\frac{x^2-4x+3}{x^4+x^2+1}\)
\(A=\left(\frac{x^2}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}+\frac{x^2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}\right)\cdot\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}{x^4+x^2+1}\)
\(A=\left(\frac{x^2\left(x-1\right)+x^2\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}\right)\cdot\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}{x^4+x^2+1}\)
\(A=\frac{x^2\left(x-1+x-3\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}\cdot\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}{x^4+x^2+1}\)
\(A=\frac{x^2\left(2x-4\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)}=\frac{2x^2}{x^4+x^2+1}\)
\(b.\frac{1}{A}=\frac{x^4+x^2+1}{2x^2}=\frac{x^2}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2x^2}\) (x khác 0)
\(\frac{1}{A}=\frac{2x^2}{4}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2x^2}\)
có 2x^2/4 và 1/2x^2 > 0 áp dụng bđt cô si ta có
\(\frac{2x^2}{4}+\frac{1}{2x^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{2x^2}{4}\cdot\frac{1}{2x^2}}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{A}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{2}{3}\)
DẤU = xảy ra khi 2x^2/4 = 1/2x^2 => 4x^4 = 4
=> x^4 = 1
=> x = 1 (loại) hoặc x = -1 (thỏa mãn)
vậy max a = 2/3 khi x = -1
a) Ta có:
\(Q=\sqrt{\left(1-3x\right)\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)}\) Q có nghĩa khi:
\(\left(1-3x\right)\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1-3x\ge0\\x+\dfrac{1}{2}\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1-3x\le0\\x+\dfrac{1}{2}\le\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x\le1\\x\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x\ge1\\x\le-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le\dfrac{1}{3}\\x\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\\x\le-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-\dfrac{1}{2}\le x\le\dfrac{1}{3}\\x\in\varnothing\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{1}{2}\le x\le\dfrac{1}{3}\)
b) Ta có: \(Q=\sqrt{\left(1-3x\right)\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)}\)
\(Q=\sqrt{x+\dfrac{1}{2}-3x^2-\dfrac{3}{2}x}\)
\(Q=\sqrt{-\left(3x^2+\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)}\)
\(Q=\sqrt{-3\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{6}x-\dfrac{1}{6}\right)}\)
\(Q=\sqrt{-3\left(x^2+2\cdot\dfrac{1}{12}\cdot x+\dfrac{1}{144}-\dfrac{25}{144}\right)}\)
\(Q=\sqrt{-3\left(x+\dfrac{1}{12}\right)^2+\dfrac{25}{144}}\)
Mà: \(Q=\sqrt{-3\left(x+\dfrac{1}{12}\right)^2+\dfrac{25}{144}}\le\sqrt{\dfrac{25}{144}}=\dfrac{5}{12}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\Leftrightarrow-3\left(x+\dfrac{1}{12}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\dfrac{1}{12}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{12}\)
Vậy: \(Q_{max}=\dfrac{5}{12}.khi.x=-\dfrac{1}{12}\)
\(=16x^2y^2+12\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+34xy\)
\(=16x^2y^2+12\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\right]+22xy\)
\(=16x^2y^2-2xy+12\)
Đặt \(t=xy\) thì \(B=16t^2-2t+12=16\left(t-\frac{1}{16}\right)^2+\frac{191}{16}\ge\frac{191}{16}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=1\\xy=\frac{1}{16}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{4}\\y=\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4}\end{cases}}\) hoặc \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4}\\y=\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{4}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy min B \(=\frac{191}{16}\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{4};\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4}\right);\left(\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4};\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{4}\right)\)
Mặt khác, áp dụng BĐT Cauchy , ta có : \(1=x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}\Rightarrow xy\le\frac{1}{4}\)
Suy ra : \(B\le16\left(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{16}\right)^2+\frac{191}{16}=\frac{25}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = 1/2
Vậy max B = 25/2 khi (x;y) = (1/2;1/2)
$A=(x-4)^2+1$
Ta thấy $(x-4)^2\geq 0$ với mọi $x$
$\Rightarroe A=(x-4)^2+1\geq 0+1=1$
Vậy GTNN của $A$ là $1$. Giá trị này đạt tại $x-4=0\Leftrightarrow x=4$
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$B=|3x-2|-5$
Vì $|3x-2|\geq 0$ với mọi $x$
$\Rightarrow B=|3x-2|-5\geq 0-5=-5$
Vậy $B_{\min}=-5$. Giá trị này đạt tại $3x-2=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{2}{3}$
$C=5-(2x-1)^4$
Vì $(2x-1)^4\geq 0$ với mọi $x$
$\Rightarrow C=5-(2x-1)^4\leq 5-0=5$
Vậy $C_{\max}=5$. Giá trị này đạt tại $2x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}$
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$D=-3(x-3)^2-(y-1)^2-2021$
Vì $(x-3)^2\geq 0, (y-1)^2\geq 0$ với mọi $x,y$
$\Rightarrow D=-3(x-3)^2-(y-1)^2-2021\leq -3.0-0-2021=-2021$
Vậy $D_{\max}=-2021$. Giá trị này đạt tại $x-3=y-1=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=3; y=1$
a, \(A=\left(\frac{4}{2x+1}+\frac{4x-3}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\right)\frac{x^2+1}{x^2+2}\)
\(=\left(\frac{4\left(x^2+1\right)}{\left(2x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}+\frac{4x-3}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\right)\frac{x^2+1}{x^2+2}\)
\(=\left(\frac{4x^2+4+4x-3}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\right)\frac{x^2+1}{x^2+2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(2x+1\right)^2}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\frac{x^2+1}{x^2+2}=\frac{2x+1}{x^2+2}\)
a) \(A\left(x\right)=-5x^2-4x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\left(x\right)=-\left(5x^2+4x-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\left(x\right)=-\left[\left(\sqrt{5}x\right)^2+2.\sqrt{5}x.\dfrac{2\sqrt{5}}{5}+\dfrac{4}{5}-\dfrac{9}{5}\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\left(x\right)=-\left(\sqrt{5}x+\dfrac{4}{5}\right)^2+\dfrac{9}{5}\le\dfrac{9}{5}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{5}x+\dfrac{4}{5}=0\Leftrightarrow x==-\dfrac{4\sqrt{5}}{25}\)
b) \(B\left(x\right)=-3x^2+x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B\left(x\right)=-\left[\left(\sqrt{3}x\right)^2-2.\sqrt{3}x.\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}+\left(\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{3}\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B\left(x\right)=-\left(\sqrt{3}x-\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{3}\le\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3}x-\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
A = -5x2 -4x + 1
A = - ( 5x2 + 2.\(\sqrt{5}\).\(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}}\)x +\(\dfrac{4}{5}\) ) +\(\dfrac{29}{25}\)
A = -( \(\sqrt{5}\) x+ \(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}}\))2 + \(\dfrac{29}{25}\)
-( \(\sqrt{5}\) x+ \(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}}\))2 ≤ 0 ⇔ A(max) =\(\dfrac{29}{25}\) ⇔ x = -2/5
B = -3x2 + x + 1
B = -(3x2 - 2.\(\sqrt{3}\).\(\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}\).x + \(\dfrac{1}{12}\)) + \(\dfrac{13}{12}\)
B = -(\(\sqrt{3}\)x - \(\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}\))2 + \(\dfrac{13}{12}\)
vì - (\(\sqrt{3}\)x - \(\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}\))2 ≤ 0 ⇔ B(max) =\(\dfrac{13}{12}\) ⇔ x = \(\dfrac{1}{6}\)