TÌM GTNH
Q= a2+4b2-10a
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a) Ta có: \(M=-x^2-4x+20\)
\(=-\left(x^2+4x-20\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2+4x+4-24\right)\)
\(=-\left(x+2\right)^2+24\le24\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-2
Đặt \(P=a+b+c\)
\(P^2=\left(a+b+c\right)^2=\left(1.a+\dfrac{1}{2}.2b+\dfrac{1}{3}.3c\right)^2\le\left(1^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2\right)\left(a^2+4b^2+9c^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P^2\le\dfrac{49}{36}\left(a^2+4b^2+9c^2\right)=\dfrac{49}{36}\)
\(\Rightarrow-\dfrac{7}{6}\le P\le\dfrac{7}{6}\)
\(P_{min}=-\dfrac{7}{6}\) khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(-\dfrac{6}{7};-\dfrac{3}{14};-\dfrac{2}{21}\right)\)
\(P_{max}=\dfrac{7}{6}\) khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\dfrac{6}{7};\dfrac{3}{14};\dfrac{2}{21}\right)\)
1: \(a^2-4b^2-2a-4b\)
\(=\left(a-2b\right)\left(a+2b\right)-2\left(a+2b\right)\)
\(=\left(a+2b\right)\left(a-2b-2\right)\)
2: \(x^3+2x^2-2x-1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)+2x\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+3x+1\right)\)
Lời giải:
$(a+2b-c)(a+2b+c)-(a^2+4b^2-c^2)=(a+2b)^2-c^2-a^2-4b^2+c^2$
$=(a+2b)^2-a^2-4b^2$
$=a^2+4ab+4b^2-a^2-4b^2=4ab$
\(\dfrac{1}{a-2b}.\sqrt{b^2\left(a^2-4ab+4b^2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{a-2b}.b.\left|a-2b\right|=\dfrac{1}{a-2b}.b.\left(2b-a\right)=-b\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a-2b}\cdot\sqrt{b^2\cdot\left(a^2-4ab+b^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1\cdot\left(a-2b\right)}{a-2b}\cdot b\)
=b
\(\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow a^2+1-2a\ge0\Rightarrow a^2+1\ge2a\left(1\right)\)
\(\left(2b-3\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow4b^2+9-12b\ge0\Rightarrow4b^2+9\ge12b\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(c\sqrt[]{3}-\sqrt[]{3}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow3c^2+3-6c\ge0\Rightarrow3c^2+3\ge6c\left(3\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)+\left(3\right)\Rightarrow a^2+1+4b^2+9+3c^2+3\ge2a+12b+6c\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+4b^2+3c^2+1+9+3\ge2a+12b+6c\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+4b^2+3c^2+13\ge2a+12b+6c\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+4b^2+3c^2\ge2a+12b+6c-13\)
mà \(2a+12b+6c-13>2a+12b+6c-14\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+4b^2+3c^2>2a+12b+6c-14\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
⇔(a−1)2+(2b−3)2+3(c−1)2+1>0 (luôn đúng)
⇒⇒ BĐT ban đầu đúng