\(A=\frac{x-3}{2x+3}\)
tìm x nguyên để A nhận giá trị nguyên
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Lời giải:
Để $A$ nguyên thì \(x-3\vdots 2x+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2(x-3)\vdots 2x+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2x-6\vdots 2x+3\Leftrightarrow 2x+3-9\vdots 2x+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 9\vdots 2x+3\Rightarrow 2x+3\in\left\{\pm 1;\pm 3;\pm 9\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in \left\{-2; -1; 0; -3; -6; 3\right\}\)
a) \(ĐKXĐ:\hept{\begin{cases}x\ne2\\x\ne3\end{cases}}\)
\(A=\frac{2x-9}{x^2-5x+6}-\frac{x+3}{x-2}-\frac{2x+4}{3-x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{2x-9}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}-\frac{x+3}{x-2}+\frac{2\left(x+2\right)}{x-3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{2x-9-\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)+2\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{2x-9-x^2+9+2x^2-8}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{x^2+2x-8}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{\left(x+4\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{x+4}{x-3}\)
b) Để \(A\inℤ\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+4}{x-3}\inℤ\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+\frac{7}{x-3}\inℤ\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3\inƯ\left(7\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm7\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{2;4;-4;10\right\}\)
Vậy để \(A\inℤ\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{2;4;-4;10\right\}\)
c) Để \(A=\frac{3}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+4}{x-3}=\frac{3}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x+20=3x-9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+29=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{29}{2}\)
d) Để \(A< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+4}{x-3}< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+\frac{7}{x-3}< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{-7}{x-3}< 1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-7< x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x>-4\)
e) Để \(A>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+4}{x-3}>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+\frac{7}{x-3}>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{-7}{x-3}>1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-7>x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x< -4\)
A\(\in\)Z <=> 2x+1\(⋮\)2x
Mà 2x\(⋮\)2x=> 1\(⋮\)2x
=> 2x\(\in\){1;-1}
=> x \(\in\){\(\frac{1}{2}\);\(\frac{-1}{2}\)}
Mà x\(\in\)Z
=> Không có nghiệm x nguyên để A nguyên
a)
Để A nguyên \(\Leftrightarrow x^3+x⋮x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-1+x+1⋮x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)+x+1⋮x-1\left(1\right)\)
Vì x nguyên \(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-1\in Z\\x^2+x+1\in Z\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)⋮x-1\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow x+1⋮x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1+2⋮x-1\)
Mà \(x-1⋮x-1\)
\(\Rightarrow2⋮x-1\)
\(\Rightarrow x-1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-1;0;2;3\right\}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-1;0;2;3\right\}\)
b) Để B nguyên \(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+5⋮2x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-8x+10⋮2x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x^2-x\right)-\left(6x-3\right)-\left(x-7\right)⋮2x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(2x-1\right)-3\left(2x-1\right)-\left(x-7\right)⋮2x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)-\left(x-7\right)⋮2x-1\left(1\right)\)
Vì x nguyên \(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x-1\in Z\\x-3\in Z\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)⋮2x-1\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và(2) \(\Rightarrow x-7⋮2x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-14⋮2x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1-13⋮2x-1\)
Mà \(2x-1⋮2x-1\)
\(\Rightarrow13⋮2x-1\)
\(\Rightarrow2x-1\inƯ\left(13\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm13\right\}\)
Làm nốt nha các phần còn lại bạn cứ dựa bài mình mà làm
\(A=\frac{x-3}{2x+3}\)
Để \(A\in Z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x-3⋮2x+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-3\right)⋮2x+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-6⋮2x+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+3-9⋮2x+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9⋮2x+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+3\inƯ\left(9\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm3;\pm9\right\}\)
Lập bảng:
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-2;-1;-3;0;-4;3\right\}\)