Với x là số tự nhiên thỏa mãn: x>3, tìm giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức : P=\(\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}+6}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
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\(P=1-\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
để P đạt Max => \(-\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\) đạt Max => x đạt Max
mà x>3 và x thuộc N => không có gtri của x để thỏa mãn Max P
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\(3=x+y+xy\le\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}+\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x^2+y^2}-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2+y^2}+3\sqrt{2}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x^2+y^2\right)\le-2\)
\(P=\sqrt{9-x^2}+\sqrt{9-y^2}+\dfrac{x+y}{4}\le\sqrt{2\left(9-x^2+9-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}{4}\)
\(P\le\sqrt{2\left(18-x^2-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4}.\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)
\(P\le\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)\sqrt{18-x^2-y^2}+\sqrt[]{2}\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(18-x^2-y^2\right)}{2}}+\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2}}\)
\(P\le\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right).\sqrt{18-2}+\sqrt{\left(2+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\left(\dfrac{18-x^2-y^2+x^2+y^2}{2}\right)}=\dfrac{1+8\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=1\)
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a, ĐK: \(x\ge0;x\ne1\)
\(P=\left(1+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right).\left(1-\dfrac{6}{\sqrt{x}+5}\right)\)
\(=\left[\dfrac{x-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}+\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}+\dfrac{3\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\right].\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+5-6}{\sqrt{x}+5}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+5\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}.\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+5}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đặt \(\left(x;2y;3z\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow a+b+c=2\)
\(S=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{ab+2c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{bc+2a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{ca+2b}}\)
\(S=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{ab+c\left(a+b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{bc+a\left(a+b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{ca+b\left(a+b+c\right)}}\)
\(S=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)
\(S\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}+\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{2}{3}\Rightarrow x;y;z\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(x\ge xy+1\Rightarrow1\ge y+\dfrac{1}{x}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{y}{x}}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{x}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(Q^2=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{3x^2-xy+y^2}=\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{y}{x}\right)^2+2\left(\dfrac{y}{x}\right)+1}{\left(\dfrac{y}{x}\right)^2-\dfrac{y}{x}+3}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{y}{x}=t\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(Q^2=\dfrac{t^2+2t+1}{t^2-t+3}=\dfrac{t^2+2t+1}{t^2-t+3}-\dfrac{5}{9}+\dfrac{5}{9}\)
\(Q^2=\dfrac{\left(4t-1\right)\left(t+6\right)}{9\left(t^2-t+3\right)}+\dfrac{5}{9}\le\dfrac{5}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q_{max}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\) khi \(t=\dfrac{1}{4}\) hay \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(2;\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
Lời giải:
\(P=\frac{2(\sqrt{x}+2)+2}{\sqrt{x}+2}=2+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
Với $x>3$ và $x$ là số tự nhiên thì $x\geq 4$
$\Rightarrow \sqrt{x}+2\geq \sqrt{4}+2=4$
$\Rightarrow \frac{2}{\sqrt{x}+2}\leq \frac{1}{2}$
$\Rightarrow P\leq 2+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{5}{2}$
Vậy $P_{\max}=\frac{5}{2}$ khi $x=4$