Cho a,b,c>0 và \(\frac{a}{b}< 1\) .CMR:\(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+c}\)
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Xét \(\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2-2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2-2\left(\frac{a+b+c}{abc}\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}=|\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}|\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}}=|\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}|\)(đpcm)
a/ Biến đổi tương đương:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Vậy BĐT được chứng minh
b/ \(VT=\frac{a-d}{b+d}+1+\frac{d-b}{b+c}+1+\frac{b-c}{a+c}+1+\frac{c-a}{a+d}+1-4\)
\(VT=\frac{a+b}{b+d}+\frac{c+d}{b+c}+\frac{a+b}{a+c}+\frac{c+d}{a+d}-4\)
\(VT=\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+d}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)+\left(c+d\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+d}\right)-4\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\left(a+b\right).\frac{4}{b+d+a+c}+\left(c+d\right).\frac{4}{b+c+a+d}-4\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{4}{\left(a+b+c+d\right)}\left(a+b+c+d\right)-4=4-4=0\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=d\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=0\\b+c=0\\c+a=0\end{cases}}\)
Với \(a+b=0\)
Thì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a^{2005}}+\frac{1}{b^{2005}}+\frac{1}{c^{2005}}=\frac{1}{c^{2005}}\\\frac{1}{a^{2005}+b^{2005}+c^{2005}}=\frac{1}{c^{2005}}\end{cases}}\)
Tương tự cho 2 trường hợp còn lại ta có ĐPCM
\(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a+b=-c;a+c=-b;b+c=-a\)
\(\frac{a+b}{a-b}\left(\frac{a-b}{a+b}+\frac{b-c}{b+c}+\frac{c-a}{c+a}\right)=\frac{a+b}{a-b}\cdot\frac{a-b}{a+b}+\frac{a+b}{a-b}\left(\frac{b-c}{b+c}+\frac{c-a}{c+a}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{a+b}{a-b}\cdot\frac{\left(b-c\right)\left(c+a\right)+\left(c-a\right)\left(b+c\right)}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}=1+\frac{a+b}{a-b}\cdot\frac{bc+ab-c^2-ac+bc+c^2-ab-ac}{-a\cdot-b}\)
\(=1+\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(2bc-2ac\right)}{\left(a-b\right)ab}=1+-\frac{2c\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)ab}=1+\frac{-2c\cdot-c}{ab}=1+\frac{2c^2}{ab}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có: \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=-c\\b+c=-a\\c+a=-b\end{cases}}\)thay vào biểu thức đã cho:
\(\frac{a+b}{a-b}\left(\frac{a-b}{a+b}+\frac{b-c}{b+c}+\frac{c-a}{c+a}\right)\)\(=\frac{-c}{a-b}\left(\frac{a-b}{-c}+\frac{b-c}{-a}+\frac{c-a}{-b}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{-c\left(b-c\right)}{-a\left(a-b\right)}+\frac{-c\left(c-a\right)}{-b\left(a-b\right)}=1+\frac{c\left(b-c\right)}{a\left(a-b\right)}+\frac{c\left(c-a\right)}{b\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=1+\frac{bc\left(b-c\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}+\frac{ac\left(c-a\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}=1+\frac{b^2c-bc^2+ac^2-a^2c}{ab\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=1+\frac{c\left(b^2-a^2\right)-\left(bc^2-ac^2\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}=1+\frac{c\left(b-a\right)\left(a+b\right)-c^2\left(b-a\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=1+\frac{\left(b-a\right).\left[c\left(a+b\right)-c^2\right]}{ab\left(a-b\right)}=1+\frac{\left(a-b\right).\left[c^2-c\left(a+b\right)\right]}{ab\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=1+\frac{c^2-\left(-c\right).c}{ab}=1+\frac{c^2-\left(-c^2\right)}{ab}=1+\frac{2c^2}{ab}\)(đpcm).
Bài 1: Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 3 số dương:
\(VT\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}{abc}}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{8abc}{abc}}=6\) (đpcm)
Giải phần dấu "=" ra ta được a = b =c
Bài 2: Đặt \(a+b=x;b+c=y;c+a=z\)
Suy ra \(a=\frac{x-y+z}{2};b=\frac{x+y-z}{2};c=\frac{y+z-x}{2}\)
Suy ra cần chứng minh \(\frac{x-y+z}{2y}+\frac{x+y-z}{2z}+\frac{y+z-x}{2x}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+z}{2y}+\frac{x+y}{2z}+\frac{y+z}{2x}\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+z}{y}+\frac{x+y}{z}+\frac{y+z}{x}\ge6\)
Bài toán đúng theo kết quả câu 1.
a/ BĐT sai, cho \(a=b=c=2\) là thấy
b/ \(VT=\frac{a^4}{a^2+2ab}+\frac{b^4}{b^2+2bc}+\frac{c^4}{c^2+2ac}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
\(VT\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{1}{3}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
c/ Tiếp tục sai nữa, vế phải là \(\frac{3}{2}\) chứ ko phải \(2\), và hy vọng rằng a;b;c dương
\(VT=\frac{a^2}{abc.b+a}+\frac{b^2}{abc.c+b}+\frac{c^2}{abc.a+c}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)+a+b+c}\)
\(VT\ge\frac{9}{3abc+3}\ge\frac{9}{\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{27}+3}=\frac{9}{\frac{3.3^3}{27}+3}=\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Ta có:
\(a^3+b^3+b^3\ge3ab^2\) ; \(b^3+c^3+c^3\ge3bc^2\) ; \(c^3+a^3+a^3\ge3ca^2\)
Cộng vế với vế \(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge ab^2+bc^2+ca^2\)
\(\frac{a^5}{b^2}+\frac{b^5}{c^2}+\frac{c^5}{a^2}=\frac{a^6}{ab^2}+\frac{b^6}{bc^2}+\frac{c^6}{ca^2}\ge\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{ab^2+bc^2+ca^2}\ge\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3}=a^3+b^3+c^3\)
1. BĐT ban đầu
<=> \(\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{b}{a+3b}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{c}{b+3c}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{a}{c+3a}\right)\ge\frac{1}{4}\)
<=>\(\frac{a}{a+3b}+\frac{b}{b+3c}+\frac{c}{c+3a}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
<=> \(\frac{a^2}{a^2+3ab}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+3bc}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+3ac}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Áp dụng BĐT buniacoxki dang phân thức
=> BĐT cần CM
<=> \(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
<=> \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac\)luôn đúng
=> BĐT được CM
2) \(a+b+c\le ab+bc+ca\le\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2-3\left(a+b+c\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b+c-3\right)\ge0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a+b+c\ge3\)
ko mất tính tổng quát giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c\)
Có: \(3\le a+b+c\le ab+bc+ca\le3a^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(3a^2\ge3\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a\ge1\)
=> \(\frac{1}{1+a+b}+\frac{1}{1+b+c}+\frac{1}{1+c+a}\le\frac{3}{1+2a}\le1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=1\)
Câu đề HN vừa thi hôm trước, sửa thành tìm max
Áp dụng BĐT Bunyakovsky ta có:
\(\left(\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}\right)^2\le\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)\)
\(=6\left(a+b+c\right)\le6\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}\right)\le\sqrt{6}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1/3
Làm xong mới thấy không giống lắm hihi:D
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a+b+c\ge3\left(\frac{ab+bc+ca}{a+b+c}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a+b+c\ge3\left(\frac{ab}{abc}+\frac{bc}{abc}+\frac{ca}{abc}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a+b+c\ge3\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
\(\frac{a}{b}< 1=\frac{c}{c}\Rightarrow ac< bc\)
\(\Rightarrow ac+ab< ab+bc\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(b+c\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+c}\)