Tìm các số tự nhiên x, y biết: \(\dfrac{1}{x}\)+\(\dfrac{y}{3}\)=\(\dfrac{5}{6}\)
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=>(12-xy)/3x=5/6
=>6(12-xy)=15x
=>(12-xy)=5/2x
=>24-2xy=5x
=>5x+2xy=24
=>x(2y+5)=24
=>(x;2y+5) thuộc {(1;24); (2;12); (3;8); (4;6); (6;4); (8;3); (12;2); (24;1)}
mà x,y là các số tự nhiên
nên \(\left(x,y\right)\in\varnothing\)
\(\dfrac{x+1}{2}=\dfrac{y-5}{3}=\dfrac{z-4}{4}=\dfrac{x+1+y-5-z+4}{2+3-4}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{1}=7\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=7.2-1=13\\y=7.3+5=26\\z=7.4+4=32\end{matrix}\right.\)
Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{x+1}{2}=\dfrac{y-5}{3}=\dfrac{z-4}{4}=\dfrac{x+1+y-5-z+4}{2+3-4}=\dfrac{7+1+4-5}{1}=7\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=14\\y-5=21\\z-4=28\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=13\\y=26\\z=32\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{x}{6}-\dfrac{5}{2y+1}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{x}{6}-\dfrac{5.2}{2y.2+1.2}=\dfrac{4}{6}\)(vì 2y + 1 là số lẻ)
\(\dfrac{x}{6}-\dfrac{10}{4y+2}=\dfrac{4}{6}\)
Để \(\dfrac{x}{6}-\dfrac{10}{4y+2}=\dfrac{4}{6}\)thì y = 1 để cùng mẫu số
Khi đó ta có\(\dfrac{x}{6}-\dfrac{10}{4y+2}=\dfrac{4}{6}\) = \(\dfrac{x}{6}-\dfrac{10}{4+2}=\dfrac{4}{6}\) = \(\dfrac{x}{6}-\dfrac{10}{6}=\dfrac{4}{6}\)
Vì 4+10 = 14 => x = 14
Vậy y = 1; x = 14
b, Ta có : \(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4};\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{6}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{z}{24}\)
Đặt \(x=15k;y=20k;z=24k\)
Thay vào A ta được : \(A=\dfrac{30k+60k+96k}{45k+80k+120k}=\dfrac{186k}{245k}=\dfrac{186}{245}\)
a, \(\dfrac{x}{2}=-\dfrac{5}{y}\Rightarrow xy=-10\Rightarrow x;y\inƯ\left(-10\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm5;\pm10\right\}\)
x | 1 | -1 | 2 | -2 | 5 | -5 | 10 | -10 |
y | -10 | 10 | -5 | 5 | -2 | 2 | -1 | 1 |
c, \(\dfrac{3}{x-1}=y+1\Rightarrow\left(y+1\right)\left(x-1\right)=3\Rightarrow x-1;y+1\inƯ\left(3\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm3\right\}\)
x - 1 | 1 | -1 | 3 | -3 |
y + 1 | 3 | -3 | 1 | -1 |
x | 2 | 0 | 4 | -2 |
y | 2 | -4 | 0 | -2 |
b: =>xy=12
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(12;1\right);\left(6;2\right);\left(4;3\right)\right\}\)
\(a,\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{-18}{10}\\ \Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{18}{10}.5\\ \Rightarrow x=-9\\ b,\dfrac{6}{x-1}=\dfrac{-3}{7}\\ \Rightarrow6.7=-3\left(x-1\right)\\ \Rightarrow42=-3x+3\\ \Rightarrow42+3x-3=0\\ \Rightarrow3x+39=0\\ \Rightarrow3x=-39\\ \Rightarrow x=-13\\ c,\dfrac{y-3}{12}=\dfrac{3}{y-3}\\ \Rightarrow\left(y-3\right)^2=36\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y-2=6\\y-2=-6\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=8\\y=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(d,\dfrac{x}{25}=\dfrac{-5}{x^2}\\ \Rightarrow x^3=-125\\ \Rightarrow x^3=\left(-5\right)^3\\ \Rightarrow x=-5\)
=>\(\dfrac{xy+x-3}{3\left(y+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
=>2(xy+x-3)=y+1
=>2xy+2x-6-y-1=0
=>2x(y+1)-y-1=6
=>(y+1)(2x-1)=6
=>\(\left(2x-1;y+1\right)\in\left\{\left(1;6\right);\left(6;1\right);\left(-1;-6\right);\left(-6;-1\right);\left(2;3\right);\left(3;2\right);\left(-2;-3\right);\left(-3;-2\right)\right\}\)
=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(1;5\right);\left(\dfrac{7}{2};0\right);\left(-1;-7\right);\left(-\dfrac{5}{2};-1\right);\left(\dfrac{3}{2};2\right);\left(2;1\right);\left(-\dfrac{1}{2};-4\right);\left(-1;-3\right)\right\}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{5}{6}\Rightarrow\dfrac{6}{6x}+\dfrac{2xy}{6x}=\dfrac{5x}{6x}\Rightarrow6+2xy=5x\)
\(\Rightarrow5x-2xy=6\Rightarrow x\left(5-2y\right)=6\)
Do \(x,y\) là số tự nhiên nên \(x\inƯ^+\left(6\right)\)
TH1: \(x=1\Rightarrow5-2y=6\Rightarrow y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\) (loại)
TH2: \(x=2\Rightarrow5-2y=3\Rightarrow y=1\) (TM)
TH3: \(x=3\Rightarrow5-2y=2\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{3}{2}\) (Loại)
TH4: \(x=6\Rightarrow5-2y=1\Rightarrow y=2\) (TM)
\(\Leftrightarrow6+2xy=5x\left(x\ne0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x-2xy=6\Leftrightarrow x\left(5-2y\right)=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{6}{5-2y}\)
Để x nguyên thì 5-2y phải là ước của 6
\(\Rightarrow5-2y=\left\{-6;-3;-2;-1;1;2;3;6\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow y=\left\{4;3;2;1\right\}\Rightarrow x=\left\{-2;-6;6;2\right\}\)