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Ta có : x3 - 7x + 6
= x3 - x - 6x + 6
= x(x2 - 1) - 6(x - 1)
= x(x + 1)(x - 1) - 6(x - 1)
= (x - 1) [x(x + 1) - 6]
= (x - 1) (x2 + x - 6) .
CÁC Ý SAU TƯƠNG TỰ
a,
\(3(x^{4}+x^{2}+1)-(x^{2}+x+1)^{2}\\=3[(x^{4}+2x^{2}+1)-x^{2}]-(x^{2}+x+1)^{2}\\=3[(x^{2}+1)^{2}-x^{2}]-(x^{2}+x+1)^{2}\\=3(x^{2}+x+1)(x^{2}-x+1)-(x^{2}+x+1)^{2}\\=(x^{2}+x+1)(3x^{2}-3x+3-x^{2}-x-1)\\=(x^{2}+x+1)(2x^{2}-4x+2)\\=2(x^{2}+x+1)(x^{2}-2x+1)\\=2(x^{2}+x+1)(x-1)^{2}\)
1
x3-7x+6
=x3+0x2-7x +6
= x3-x2+x2-x-6x+6
=(x3-x2)+(x2-x)-(6x-6)
=x2(x-1)+x(x-1)-6(x-1)
=(x-1)(x2+x-6)
=(x-1)(x2+3x-2x-6)
=(x-1)[x(x+3)-2(x+3)]
=(x-1)(x-2)(x+3)
7) (x+2)(x+3)(x+4)(x+5)-24
=(x+2)(x+5) (x+3)(x+4)-24
=[x(x+5)+2(x+5)][x(x+4)+3(x+4)]-24
=[x2+5x+2x+10][x2+4x+3x+12]-24
=[x2+7x+10][x2+7x+12]-24
đặt a=x2+7x+10
=>x2+7x+12=a+2
=a(a+2)-24
=a2+2a-24
=a2+6a-4a-24
=(a2+6a)-(4a+24)
=a(a+6)-4(a+6)
=(a+6)(a-4)
thay a= x2+7x+10 vào ta được
(x2+7x+10+6)(x2+7x+10-4)
=(x2+7x+16)(x2+7x+6)
a) \(x^5+4x+5=\left(x^5+x^4\right)-\left(x^4+x^3\right)+\left(x^3+x^2\right)-\left(x^2+x\right)+\left(5x+5\right)=x^4\left(x+1\right)-x^3\left(x+1\right)+x^2\left(x+1\right)-x\left(x+1\right)+5\left(x+1\right)=\left(x^4-x^3+x^2-x+5\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
b) \(x^4+6x^3+11x^2+6x+1=\left(x^4+3x^3+x^2\right)+\left(3x^3+9x^2+3x\right)+\left(x^2+3x+1\right)=x^2\left(x^2+3x+1\right)+3x\left(x^2+3x+1\right)+\left(x^2+3x+1\right)=\left(x^2+3x+1\right)^2\)
c) \(64x^4+1=\left[\left(8x^2\right)^2+16x^2+1\right]-16x^2=\left(8x^2+1\right)^2-\left(4x\right)^2=\left(8x^2-4x+1\right)\left(8x^2+4x+1\right)\)d) \(81x^4+4=\left[\left(9x^2\right)^2+36x^2+2^2\right]-36x^2=\left(9x^2+2\right)^2-\left(6x\right)^2=\left(9x^2-6x+2\right)\left(9x^2+6x+2\right)\)
\(x^8+x+1\)
\(=x^8+x^7+x^6-x^7-x^6-x^5+x^5+x^4+x^3-x^4-x^3-x^2+x^2+x+1\)
\(=x^6\left(x^2+x+1\right)-x^5\left(x^2+x+1\right)+x^3\left(x^2+x+1\right)-x^2\left(x^2+x+1\right)+x^2+x+1\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^6-x^5+x^3-x^2+1\right)\)
a)\(2x^3-x^2+5x+3=2x^3-2x^2+x^2+6x-x+3\)
\(=\left(2x^3-2x^2+6x\right)+\left(x^2-x+3\right)\)
\(=2x\left(x^2-x+3\right)+\left(x^2-x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-x+3\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
b)\(27x^3-27x^2+18x-4=27x^3-18x^2-9x^2+12x+6x-4\)
\(=3x\left(9x^2-6x+4\right)-\left(9x^2-6x+4\right)\)
\(=\left(9x^2-6x+4\right)\left(3x-1\right)\)
c)\(4x^4-32x^2+1=4x^4+4x^2-36x^2+1\)
\(=\left(4x^4+4x^2+1\right)-36x^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+1\right)^2-\left(6x\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+1+6x\right)\left(2x^2+1-6x\right)\)
Bài 2:
1: \(\left(2x-1\right)^2-4\left(2x-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x-1-4\right)=0\)
=>(2x-1)(2x-5)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=0\\2x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
2: \(9x^3-x=0\)
=>\(x\left(9x^2-1\right)=0\)
=>x(3x-1)(3x+1)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\3x-1=0\\3x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}\\x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
3: \(\left(3-2x\right)^2-2\left(2x-3\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(2x-3\right)^2-2\left(2x-3\right)=0\)
=>(2x-3)(2x-3-2)=0
=>(2x-3)(2x-5)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-3=0\\2x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3}{2}\\x=\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
4: \(\left(2x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)-10x+25=0\)
=>\(2x^2+10x-5x-25-10x+25=0\)
=>\(2x^2-5x=0\)
=>\(x\left(2x-5\right)=0\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\2x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1:
1: \(3x^3y^2-6xy\)
\(=3xy\cdot x^2y-3xy\cdot2\)
\(=3xy\left(x^2y-2\right)\)
2: \(\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+3y\right)-2\left(x-2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\cdot\left(x+3y\right)-2\cdot\left(x-2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+3y-2\right)\)
3: \(\left(3x-1\right)\left(x-2y\right)-5x\left(2y-x\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-1\right)\left(x-2y\right)+5x\left(x-2y\right)\)
\(=(x-2y)(3x-1+5x)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(8x-1\right)\)
4: \(x^2-y^2-6y-9\)
\(=x^2-\left(y^2+6y+9\right)\)
\(=x^2-\left(y+3\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x+y+3\right)\)
5: \(\left(3x-y\right)^2-4y^2\)
\(=\left(3x-y\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3x-y-2y\right)\left(3x-y+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-3y\right)\left(3x+y\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)\left(3x+y\right)\)
6: \(4x^2-9y^2-4x+1\)
\(=\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)-9y^2\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)^2-\left(3y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x-1-3y\right)\left(2x-1+3y\right)\)
8: \(x^2y-xy^2-2x+2y\)
\(=xy\left(x-y\right)-2\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(xy-2\right)\)
9: \(x^2-y^2-2x+2y\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)-\left(2x-2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-2\right)\)
3) \(=3x^2+xy+5x+21xy+7y^2+35y+6x+2y+10\)
\(=x\left(3x+y+5\right)+7y\left(3x+y+5\right)+2\left(3x+y+5\right)\)
\(=\left(3x+y+5\right).\left(x+7y+2\right)\)