Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions
In Science, a theory is a reasonable explanation of observed events that are related. A theory often involves an imaginary model that helps scientists picture the way an observed event could be produced. A good example of this is found in the kinetic molecular theory, in which gases are pictured as being made up of many small particles that are in constant motion.
A useful theory, in addition to explaining past observation, helps to predict events that have not as yet been observed. After a theory has been publicized, scientists design experiments to test the theory. If observations confirm the scientists' predictions, the theory is supported. If observations do not confirm the predictions, the scientists must search further. There may be a fault in the experiment, or the theory may have to be revised or rejected.
Science involves imagination and creative thinking as well as collecting information and performing experiments. Facts by themselves are not science. As the mathematician Jules Henri Poincare said: "Science is built with facts just as a house is built with bricks, but a collection of facts cannot be called science any more than a pile of bricks can be called a house."
Most scientists start an investigation by finding out what other scientists have learned about a particular problem. After known facts have been gathered, the scientist comes to the part of the investigation that requires considerable imagination. Possible solutions to the problem are formulated. These possible solutions are called hypotheses. In a way, any hyphthesis is a leap into the unknown.It extends the scientist's thinking beyond the known facts. The scientist plans experiments, performs calculations, and makes observations to test hypotheses. For without hypotheses, further investigation lacks purpose and direction. When hypotheses are confirmed, they are incorporated into theories.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions
In Science, a theory is a reasonable explanation of observed events that are related. A theory often involves an imaginary model that helps scientists picture the way an observed event could be produced. A good example of this is found in the kinetic molecular theory, in which gases are pictured as being made up of many small particles that are in constant motion.
A useful theory, in addition to explaining past observation, helps to predict events that have not as yet been observed. After a theory has been publicized, scientists design experiments to test the theory. If observations confirm the scientists' predictions, the theory is supported. If observations do not confirm the predictions, the scientists must search further. There may be a fault in the experiment, or the theory may have to be revised or rejected.
Science involves imagination and creative thinking as well as collecting information and performing experiments. Facts by themselves are not science. As the mathematician Jules Henri Poincare said: "Science is built with facts just as a house is built with bricks, but a collection of facts cannot be called science any more than a pile of bricks can be called a house."
Most scientists start an investigation by finding out what other scientists have learned about a particular problem. After known facts have been gathered, the scientist comes to the part of the investigation that requires considerable imagination. Possible solutions to the problem are formulated. These possible solutions are called hypotheses. In a way, any hyphthesis is a leap into the unknown.It extends the scientist's thinking beyond the known facts. The scientist plans experiments, performs calculations, and makes observations to test hypotheses. For without hypotheses, further investigation lacks purpose and direction. When hypotheses are confirmed, they are incorporated into theories.
In the last paragraph, what does the author imply is a major function of hypotheses ?
A. Linking together different theories
B. Communicating a scientist's thoughts to others
C. Providing direction for scientific research
D. Sifting through known facts
Scientists have known a lot about the earth. They understand how mountains are made and what a volcano is. The following example is about volcanic eruptions. Mt. Vesuvius in Italy and Mt. St. Helens in the USA are both famous mountains. They are both volcanoes. A volcano is a mountain that is open at the top. Smoke and hot air come out of the hole. Sometimes very hot rock also comes out of the mountain. That can make trouble for people nearby. This is what happened with Mt. Vesuvius and Mt. Helens. Hot rock poured out of Mt. Vesuvius and covered the town of Pompeii in 79 A.D. Everyone in the town was killed. The Mt. Helens volcano didn’t kill many people
A volcano is a mountain that has a hole at the top => True (A volcano is a mountain that is open at the top)
Mt. Vesuvius and Mt. St. Helensare both famous volcanoes in Italy => False (Mt. Vesuvius in Italy and Mt. St. Helens in the USA are both famous mountains)
Smoke,hot rock and hot air can make trouble for all people in USA and Italy => True Sometimes very hot rock also comes out of the mountain. That can make trouble for people nearby.)
the town of Pompeii was developed by the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in 79 A.D => false ( Hot rock poured out of Mt. Vesuvius and covered the town of Pompeii in 79 A.D. Everyone in the town was killed)