Đốt cháy hỗn hợp gồm Al và S trong 8,96 lit O2 (đktc), trong đó có 3,2 gam S cháy hoàn toàn. Tính khối lượng hỗn hợp ban đầu. Al = 27 S = 32 O = 16
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_C=x\\n_S=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(C+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2\)
x x ( mol )
\(S+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)SO_2\)
y y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}12x+32y=2,8\\x+y=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow m_C=0,1.12=1,2g\)
\(\rightarrow m_S=0,05.32=1,6g\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_C=\dfrac{1,2}{2,8}.100=42,85\%\\\%m_S=100\%-42,85\%=57,15\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_C=a\left(mol\right)\\n_S=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(a,b>0\right)\)
PTHH:
C + O2 --to--> CO2
a--->a
S + O2 --to--> SO2
b--->b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}12a+32b=2,8\\a+b=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(TM\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_C=0,1.12=1,2\left(g\right)\\m_S=0,05.32=1,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: \(C+O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CO_2\)
a___a______a (mol)
\(S+O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}SO_2\)
b___b_______b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}12a+32b=10\\a+b=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,3\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_C=0,3\cdot12=3,6\left(g\right)\\m_S=6,4\left(g\right)\\V_{khí}=0,5\cdot22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Al} = a ; n_{Fe} = b\Rightarrow 27a + 56b = 27,6(1)\\ 4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3\\ 3Fe + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe_3O_4\\ n_{Al_2O_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al} = 0,5a(mol)\\ n_{Fe_3O_4} = \dfrac{1}{3}n_{Fe} = \dfrac{b}{3}(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 0,5a.102 + \dfrac{b}{3}232 = 43,6(2)\\ (1)(2) \Rightarrow a = 0,4 ; b = 0,3\\ m_{Al} = 0,4.27 = 10,8(gam) ; m_{Fe} = 0,3.56 = 16,8(gam)\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo đề: \(m_{hh}=39\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}+m_{Fe}=39\\ \Rightarrow27x+56y=39\left(1\right)\)
\(PTHH:4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\\ \left(mol\right)....x\rightarrow..0.75x....0,5x\\ PTHH:3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\\ \left(mol\right)....y\rightarrow..\dfrac{2}{3}y.....\dfrac{1}{3}y\)
Theo đề: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{12,32}{22,4}=0,55\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow0,75x+\dfrac{2}{3}y=0,55\left(2\right)\)
\(\xrightarrow[\left(1\right)]{\left(2\right)}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=39\\0,75x+\dfrac{2}{3}y=0,55\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,6.56=33,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ m_r=m_{Al_2O_3}+m_{Fe_3O_4}=0,5.0,2.102+\dfrac{1}{3}.0,6.232=56,6\left(g\right)\)
nS = 3,2/32 = 0,1 (mol)
nO2 = 8,96/22,4 = 0,4 (mol)
PTHH: S + O2 -> (t°) SO2
Mol: 0,1 ---> 0,1
nO2 (Al) = 0,4 - 0,1 = 0,3 (mol)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 -> (t°) 2Al2O3
Mol: 0,4 <--- 0,3
mAl = 0,4 . 27 = 10,8 (g)
mhh = 10,8 + 3,2 = 14 (g)
nS = 3,2/32 = 0,1 (mol)
nO2 = 8,96/22,4 = 0,4 (mol)
PTHH: S + O2 -> (t°) SO2
Mol: 0,1 ---->0,1
nO (Al) = 0,4 - 0,1 = 0,3 (mol)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 -> (t°) 2Al2O3
Mol: 0,4 <--- 0,3
mAl = 0,4 . 27 = 10,8 (g)
mhH = 10,8 + 3,2 = 14 (g)