Hoà tan hoàn toàn a gam kẽm trong dung dịch axit sunfuric loãng thu được 8,96 lít khí hiđro (ở đktc). Giá trị của a là
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{9,75}{65}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
0,15 0,15 0,15
\(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\
C_M=\dfrac{0,15}{0,1}=1,5M\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a,PTHH:2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1\cdot27=2,7\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\cdot98=14,7\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05\cdot342=17,1\left(g\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của Al, Fe
nH2 = \(\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}\)=0,4 mol
Pt: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
......x.................................0,5x...........1,5x
.....Fe + H2SO4 --> FeSO4 + H2
.......y..........................y............y
Ta có hệ pt:
{27x+56y=11
1,5x+y=0,4
⇔x=0,2, y=0,1
% mAl = \(\dfrac{0,2.27}{11}\).100%=49,1%
% mFe = \(\dfrac{0,1.56}{11}\).100%=50,9%
mAl2(SO4)3 = 0,5x . 342 = 0,5 . 0,2 . 342 = 34,2 (g)
mFeSO4 = 152y = 152 . 0,1 = 15,2 (g)
Gọi CTTQ: MxOy
Pt: MxOy + yH2 --to--> xM + yH2O
\(\dfrac{0,4}{y}\)<-------0,4
Ta có: 232,2=\(\dfrac{0,4}{y}\)(56x+16y)
⇔23,2=\(\dfrac{22,4x}{y}\)+6,4
⇔\(\dfrac{22,4x}{y}\)=16,8
⇔22,4x=16,8y
⇔x:y=3:4
Vậy CTHH của oxit: Fe3O4
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 ---> ZnSO4 + H2
0,1 <----------------------------- 0,1
=> mZn = 0,1.65 = 6,5 (g)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a.Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Zn}=n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,25.65=16,25\left(g\right)\\ m_{ZnCl_2}=0,25.136=34\left(g\right)\\ b.FeO+H_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow Fe+H_2O\\ Tacó:n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,25.56=14\left(g\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2(mol)\\ \text{Bảo toàn H: }\\ n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2(mol)\\ V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)\)
Fe + H\(_2\)SO\(_4\) → FeSO\(_4\) + H\(_2\)↑
Zn + H\(_2\)SO\(_4\) → ZnSO\(_4\) + H\(_2\)↑
nH\(_2\)SO\(_4\)= 0,1.2=0,2(mol)
Theo PT, nH\(_2\)SO\(_4\)= nH\(_2\)=0,2 (mol)
\(V\)\(H_2\)= 0,2 . 22,4= 4,48 (l)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
(mol)_____0,2____0,2______0,2____0,2__
\(a.V_{H_2}=22,4.0,2=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(b.m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.98.100}{24,5}=80\left(g\right)\)
\(c.m_{ddspu}=13+80-0,2.2=92,6\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{ddspu}=\dfrac{0,2.136}{92,6}.100=29,4\left(\%\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2
=> nZn = 0,4 (mol)
=> mZn = 0,4.65 = 26(g)
Zn+H2SO4->ZnSO4+H2
0,4------------------------0,4 mol
n H2=\(\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}\)=0,4 mol
=>a=m Zn=0,4.65=26g