Cho 8,96 lít khí Cl2 (đkc) tác dụng với H2 lấy dư. Tính kg HCl tạo ra biết hiệu suất pư là 75%
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
Ta có: mKMnO4 = 300.85% = 255 (kg)
\(\Rightarrow n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{255}{158}\left(kmol\right)\)
PT: \(2KMnO_4+16HCl_đ\rightarrow2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Cl_2\left(LT\right)}=\dfrac{5}{2}n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{1275}{316}\left(kmol\right)\)
Mà: H = 65%
\(\Rightarrow n_{Cl_2\left(TT\right)}=\dfrac{1275}{316}.65\%=\dfrac{3315}{1264}\left(kmol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{Cl_2\left(TT\right)}=\dfrac{3315}{1264}.22,4.1000\approx58746,8\left(l\right)\)
- Hỗn hợp rắn sau pư gồm: Fe và FeCl3.
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
BT e, có: \(2n_{Fe}=2n_{H_2}\Rightarrow n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
BTNT Fe, có: \(n_{FeCl_3}=n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,03\left(mol\right)\) = nFe (pư)
BTNT Fe, có: nFe (ban đầu) = nFe + nFeCl3 = 0,13 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow H\%=\dfrac{0,03}{0,13}.100\%\approx23,077\%\)
H2 + Cl2 => 2HCl
Bđ: 3___4
Pư:3*0.9_2.7___5.4
Kt : 0.3__1.3____5.4
V = 0.3 + 1.3 + 5.4 = 7(l)
\(n_{AgCl}=\dfrac{43.05}{143.5}=0.3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{6.72}{22.4}=0.3\left(mol\right),n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{4.48}{22.4}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(H_2+Cl_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2HCl\)
\(0.15....0.15.......0.3\)
\(H\%=\dfrac{0.15}{0.2}\cdot100\%=75\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{22,4}=\dfrac{5}{112}\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: H2 + Cl2 --as--> 2HCl
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{\dfrac{5}{112}}{1}>\dfrac{0,03}{1}\) => Hiệu suất tính theo Cl2
\(n_{AgCl}=\dfrac{7,175}{143,5}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn Cl: \(n_{Cl_2\left(pư\right)}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
\(H\%=\dfrac{0,025}{0,03}.100\%=83,33\%\)
Cu ko pư => mCu = 3.2
=> mAl, Fe = 14.2 - 3.2 = 11
2Al + 6HCl --------> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Fe + 2HCl ----------> FeCl2 + H2
nH2 = 8.96/22.4 = 0.4
Ta có hpt
27x + 56y = 11
1.5x + y = 0.4
Giải hpt
x = 0.2
y = 0.1
a.
mAl = 27*0.2 = 5.4
%mAl = 5.4*100/14.2 = 38%
%mCu = 3.2*100/14.2 = 22.5%
=> %mFe = 100 - (38 - 22.5) = 39.5%
b.
nHCl = 6x + 2y = 1.4
=> V HCl = 1.4/1.5 = 0.93M
Ý cuối ko hỉu cho b(g) sao tìm a
\(n_{AgCl}=\dfrac{7,175}{143,5}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: HCl + AgNO3 ---> AgCl↓ + HNO3
0,05<---------------0,05
\(\rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,05.36,5=1,825\left(g\right)\\
\rightarrow C\%_{ddA}=\dfrac{1,825}{50}.100\%=3,65\%\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Đặt H = x%
PTHH: Cl2 + H2 --as--> 2HCl
LTL: 6,72 < 10 => H2 dư
=> nHCl = 0,3x (mol)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,3x.36,5}{0,3x.36,5+385,4}.100\%=3,65\%\\ \Leftrightarrow20,23\%\)
Đặt x,y, z lần lượt là số mol của Na,Al,Mg trong m gam hỗn hợp A
m gam A + H2O dư
\(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
x--------------------x--------->0,5x
2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O → 2NaAlO2 + 3H2
x<------x-------------------------------------->1,5x
=> \(0,5x+1,5x=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\) (1)
2m gam A + NaOH
\(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
2x------------------------------->x
2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O → 2NaAlO2 + 3H2
2y---------------------------------------------->3y
=> \(x+3y=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\) (2)
3m gam A + HCl
\(Na+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
3x--------------------------->1,5x
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
3y----------------------------->4,5y
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
3z----------------------------->3z
=> \(1,5x+4,5y+3z=\dfrac{22,4}{22,4}=1\left(mol\right)\) (3)
Từ (1), (2), (3) =>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=\dfrac{7}{60}\\z=\dfrac{2}{15}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(m_{Na}=0,05.23=1,15\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=\dfrac{7}{60}.27=3,15\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=\dfrac{2}{15}.24=3,2\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m=1,15+3,15+3,2=7,5\left(g\right)\)
=> \(\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{1,15}{7,5}.100=15,33\%\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{3,15}{7,5}.100=42\%\)
\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,2}{7,5}.100=42,67\%\)
8,96l Cl2 + H2 ---H=75%---> 2HCl
0,4............................................0,8
V Hcl lí thuyết : 0,8 . 22,4 = 17,92 (l)
V HCl thực tế : 17,92 . 75% = 13,44 (l)
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PT: Cl2 + H2 → 2HCl
Mol: 0,25 0,5
\(m_{HCl\left(lt\right)}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(tt\right)}=75\%.18,25=13,6875\left(g\right)\)