Biết A = lim x → 0 c o s x - c o s x 3 sin 2 x = a b với a b là phân số tối giản và a>b, khi đó a 2 - b bằng
A. 13
B. -12
C. -11
D. 11
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a: Sửa đề: sin x=4/5
cosx=-3/5; tan x=-4/3; cot x=-3/4
b: 270 độ<x<360 độ
=>cosx>0
=>cosx=1/2
tan x=căn 3; cot x=1/căn 3
Bài 1:
\(a=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow+\infty}\frac{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}}-1}{1+\frac{3}{x}}=-1\)
\(b=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow+\infty}\frac{1+\frac{3}{x^2}-\frac{1}{x^3}}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{x^2}}=\frac{1}{0}=+\infty\)
\(c=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-\infty}\frac{1-2\sqrt{\frac{1}{x^2}-\frac{1}{x}}}{\frac{1}{x}-1}=\frac{1}{-1}=-1\)
Bài 2:
\(a=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{1-cosx}{1-cos3x}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{sinx}{3sin3x}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\frac{sinx}{x}}{9.\frac{sin3x}{3x}}=\frac{1}{9}\)
\(b=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{cotx-sinx}{x^3}=\frac{\infty}{0}=+\infty\)
\(c=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow\infty}\frac{sinx}{2x}\)
Mà \(\left|sinx\right|\le1\Rightarrow\left|\frac{sinx}{2x}\right|\le\frac{1}{\left|2x\right|}\)
Mà \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow\infty}\frac{1}{2\left|x\right|}=0\Rightarrow\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow\infty}\frac{sinx}{2x}=0\)
\(\text{Đặt f (x)= a.cos2x+b.sinx+cosx}\)
\(\text{Hàm f (x) xác định và liên tục trên R}\)
\(\text{f ( π /4 ) = b √2 /2 + √2 /2 }\)
\(\text{f ( 5/π4 ) = − b √ 2/ 2 − √ 2/ 2 }\)
\(\text{⇒ f (π /4) . f ( 5 π/ 4 ) = − 1/2 ( b + 1 )^ 2 ≤ 0 ; ∀ a ; b ; c}\)
\(⇒ f (x)= 0 luôn có ít nhất 1 nghiệm thuộc đoạn [ π /4 ; 5π/4]\)
Hay pt đã có nghiệm.
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow a}\frac{sin\left(\frac{x-a}{2}\right)}{\frac{x-a}{2}}.cos\left(\frac{x+a}{2}\right)=1.cos\left(\frac{a+a}{2}\right)=cosa\)
b/ \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow\pi}\frac{sin\frac{\pi}{2}-sin\frac{x}{2}}{\pi-x}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow\pi}\frac{sin\left(\frac{\pi-x}{4}\right)}{\frac{\pi-x}{4}}.\frac{cos\left(\frac{\pi+x}{4}\right)}{2}=\frac{cos\left(\frac{\pi+\pi}{4}\right)}{2}=0\)
c/ Đặt \(x-\frac{\pi}{3}=a\Rightarrow x=a+\frac{\pi}{3}\)
\(\lim\limits_{a\rightarrow0}\frac{sina}{1-2cos\left(a+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)}=\lim\limits_{a\rightarrow0}\frac{sina}{1-cosa+\sqrt{3}sina}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{a\rightarrow0}\frac{2sin\frac{a}{2}cos\frac{a}{2}}{-2sin^2\frac{a}{2}+2\sqrt{3}sin\frac{a}{2}cos\frac{a}{2}}=\lim\limits_{a\rightarrow0}\frac{cos\frac{a}{2}}{-sin\frac{a}{2}+\sqrt{3}cos\frac{a}{2}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
d/Ta có: \(tana-tanb=\frac{sina}{cosa}-\frac{sinb}{cosb}=\frac{sina.cosb-cosa.sinb}{cosa.cosb}=\frac{sin\left(a-b\right)}{cosa.cosb}\)
Áp dụng:
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow a}\frac{\left(tanx-tana\right)\left(tanx+tana\right)}{\frac{sin\left(x-a\right)}{cos\left(x-a\right)}}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow a}\frac{sin\left(x-a\right)\left(tanx+tana\right).cos\left(x-a\right)}{sin\left(x-a\right).cosx.cosa}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow a}\frac{\left(tanx+tana\right).cos\left(x-a\right)}{cosx.cosa}\)
\(=\frac{2tana}{cos^2a}\)
a: =>2sin(x+pi/3)=-1
=>sin(x+pi/3)=-1/2
=>x+pi/3=-pi/6+k2pi hoặc x+pi/3=7/6pi+k2pi
=>x=-1/2pi+k2pi hoặc x=2/3pi+k2pi
b: =>2sin(x-30 độ)=-1
=>sin(x-30 độ)=-1/2
=>x-30 độ=-30 độ+k*360 độ hoặc x-30 độ=180 độ+30 độ+k*360 độ
=>x=k*360 độ hoặc x=240 độ+k*360 độ
c: =>2sin(x-pi/6)=-căn 3
=>sin(x-pi/6)=-căn 3/2
=>x-pi/6=-pi/3+k2pi hoặc x-pi/6=4/3pi+k2pi
=>x=-1/6pi+k2pi hoặc x=3/2pi+k2pi
d: =>2sin(x+10 độ)=-căn 3
=>sin(x+10 độ)=-căn 3/2
=>x+10 độ=-60 độ+k*360 độ hoặc x+10 độ=240 độ+k*360 độ
=>x=-70 độ+k*360 độ hoặc x=230 độ+k*360 độ
e: \(\Leftrightarrow2\cdot sin\left(x-15^0\right)=-\sqrt{2}\)
=>\(sin\left(x-15^0\right)=-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
=>x-15 độ=-45 độ+k*360 độ hoặc x-15 độ=225 độ+k*360 độ
=>x=-30 độ+k*360 độ hoặc x=240 độ+k*360 độ
f: \(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-\dfrac{pi}{3}\right)=-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
=>x-pi/3=-pi/4+k2pi hoặc x-pi/3=5/4pi+k2pi
=>x=pi/12+k2pi hoặc x=19/12pi+k2pi
g) \(3+\sqrt[]{5}sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=-\dfrac{3}{\sqrt[]{5}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=sin\left[arcsin\left(-\dfrac{3}{\sqrt[]{5}}\right)\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=arcsin\left(-\dfrac{3}{\sqrt[]{5}}\right)+k2\pi\\x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\pi-arcsin\left(-\dfrac{3}{\sqrt[]{5}}\right)+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=arcsin\left(-\dfrac{3}{\sqrt[]{5}}\right)-\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\x=\dfrac{2\pi}{3}-arcsin\left(-\dfrac{3}{\sqrt[]{5}}\right)+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
h) \(1+sin\left(x-30^o\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-30^o\right)=-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-30^o\right)=sin\left(-90^o\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-30^o=-90^0+k360^o\\x-30^o=180^o+90^0+k360^o\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-60^0+k360^o\\x=300^0+k360^o\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-60^0+k360^o\)
3.
\(f\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=cos\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)\Rightarrow f'\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=-sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)\)
\(f'\left(x-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=-sin\left(x-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)\)
\(f'\left(0\right)=-sin\left(0\right)=0\)
\(2f'\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right).f'\left(x-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=2sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)sin\left(x-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)\)
\(=cos\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right)-cos\left(2x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=-cos\left(2x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)\)
\(f'\left(0\right)-f\left(2x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=0-cos\left(2x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=-cos\left(2x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2f'\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)f'\left(x-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=f'\left(0\right)-f\left(2x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)\) (đpcm)
4.
\(y=3\left(sin^4x+cos^4x\right)-2\left(sin^6x+cos^6x\right)\)
\(=3\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)^2-6sin^2x.cos^2x-2\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)^3+6sin^2x.cos^2x\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)\)
\(=3-2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow y'=0\) ; \(\forall x\)
5.
\(y=\left(\frac{sinx}{1+cosx}\right)^3=\left(\frac{sinx\left(1-cosx\right)}{1-cos^2x}\right)^3=\left(\frac{sinx\left(1-cosx\right)}{sin^2x}\right)^3=\left(\frac{1-cosx}{sinx}\right)^3\)
\(y'=3\left(\frac{1-cosx}{sinx}\right)^2\left(\frac{sin^2x-cosx\left(1-cosx\right)}{sin^2x}\right)=3\left(\frac{1-cosx}{sinx}\right)^2\left(\frac{1-cosx}{sin^2x}\right)=\frac{3\left(1-cosx\right)^3}{sin^4x}\)
\(\Rightarrow y'.sinx-3y=\frac{3\left(1-cosx\right)^3}{sin^3x}-3\left(\frac{1-cosx}{sinx}\right)^3=0\) (đpcm)
\(2sin\left(x-30^0\right)=\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-30^0\right)=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}=sin\left(45^0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-30^0=45^0+k360^0\\x-30^0=135^0+k360^0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=75^0+k360^0\\x=165^0+k360^0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(sin2x=sin\left(x-\frac{2\pi}{3}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=x-\frac{2\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\2x=\pi-x+\frac{2\pi}{3}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{2\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\x=\frac{5\pi}{9}+\frac{k2\pi}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(cos2x=sin\left(x-45^0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x=cos\left(135^0-x\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=135^0-x+k360^0\\2x=x-135^0+k360^0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=45^0+k120^0\\x=-135^0+k360^0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lời giải:
\(\lim\limits _{x\to 0}\frac{(x+a)^3-a^3}{x}=\lim\limits _{x\to 0}\frac{x[(x+a)^2+a(x+a)+a^2]}{x}=\lim\limits _{x\to 0}[(x+a)^2+a(x+a)+a^2]\)
\(=3a^2\)
Để \(\lim\limits _{x\to 0}\frac{(x+a)^3-a^3}{x}=a\) \(\Leftrightarrow 3a^2=a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 3a^2-a=0\Leftrightarrow a=0; a=\frac{1}{3}\) (có 2 giá trị thực của a)
Đáp án A.