Thực hiện các phép tính sau:
a) 2 x − 1 − 2 x + 1 . x 2 + 2 x + 1 8 với x ≠ ± 1 ;
b) 4 y 3 − 4 y + 1 y + 2 : y − 2 y 2 + 2 y − y 2 y + 4 với y ≠ 0 và y ≠ ± 2 .
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a)
b) (x – 1)(x + 1)(x2 + 1)
= [x .(x + 1) – 1 .(x + 1)] . (x2 + 1)
= {x.x + x.1 + (-1).x + (-1).1}. (x2 + 1)
= (x2 + x – x – 1) . (x2 + 1)
= (x2 – 1) . (x2 + 1)
= x2 . (x2 +1) – 1.(x2 + 1)
= x2 . x2 + x2 . 1 – (1.x2 + 1.1)
= x4 + x2 – (x2 + 1)
= x4 + x2 – x2 – 1
= x4 – 1
1.
\(\sqrt{50}-3\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{32}=5\sqrt{2}-6\sqrt{2}+4\sqrt{2}=3\sqrt{2}\)
2.
a, ĐK: \(x\in R\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)^2}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-2\right|=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=1\\x-2=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, ĐK: \(x\ge3\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-3}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-3}=0\\\sqrt{x}-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\left(tm\right)\\x=1\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
1) \(A=\left[x^4-\left(x-1\right)^2\right]:\left(x^2+x-1\right)-x^2+x=\left[\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2+x-1\right)\right]:\left(x^2+x-1\right)-x^2+x=x^2-x+1-x^2+x=1\)
2) \(B=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)+4\left(x-2\right)+2-7x}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{x^2-4}{x^2-4}=1\)
a: \(\dfrac{6}{x^2+4x}+\dfrac{3}{2x+8}\)
\(=\dfrac{6}{x\left(x+4\right)}+\dfrac{3}{2\left(x+4\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{12+3x}{2x\left(x+4\right)}=\dfrac{3\left(x+4\right)}{2x\left(x+4\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2x}\)
b: \(\dfrac{x+1}{2x-2}+\dfrac{x-1}{2x+2}+\dfrac{x^2}{1-x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+1}{2\left(x-1\right)}+\dfrac{x-1}{2\left(x+1\right)}-\dfrac{x^2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2-2x^2}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2x+1+x^2-2x+1-2x^2}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{2}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x^2-1}\)
c: \(\dfrac{1}{x^2+xy}+\dfrac{2}{y^2-x^2}+\dfrac{1}{xy-x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x\left(x+y\right)}-\dfrac{2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}-\dfrac{1}{x\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-y-2x-x-y}{x\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{-2x-2y}{x\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=-\dfrac{2}{x\left(x-y\right)}\)
a: \(=\dfrac{2x^2-1-x^2-3}{x-2}=\dfrac{x^2-4}{x-2}=x+2\)
b: \(=\dfrac{x\left(x-y\right)+y\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-xy+xy+y^2}{x^2-y^2}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{x^2-y^2}\)
c: \(=\dfrac{x+1-2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x+1}\)
d: \(=\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)\cdot y-x\left(y-2\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2y+2x}{xy\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{2}{xy}\)
e: \(=\dfrac{1}{x\left(2x-3\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(2x-3\right)\left(2x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x+3-x}{x\left(2x-3\right)\left(2x+3\right)}=\dfrac{x+3}{x\left(2x-3\right)\left(2x+3\right)}\)
g: \(=\dfrac{-2x+x+3-x+3}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{-2x+6}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{-2}{x+3}\)
\(\left(\dfrac{x}{x+1}+\dfrac{x-1}{x}\right):\left(\dfrac{x}{x+1}-\dfrac{x-1}{x}\right)\) \(\left(đk:x\ne0;-1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x\left(x+1\right)}:\left(\dfrac{x^2-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x\left(x+1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+x^2-1}{x\left(x+1\right)}.\dfrac{x\left(x+1\right)}{x^2-x^2+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(2x^2-1\right)x\left(x+1\right)}{x\left(x+1\right)}=2x^2-1\)
\(a,\dfrac{x+2}{x-1}-\dfrac{x-3}{x-1}-\dfrac{x-4}{1-x}\\ =\dfrac{x+2}{x-1}-\dfrac{x-3}{x-1}+\dfrac{x-4}{x-1}\\ =\dfrac{x+2-x+3+x-4}{x-1}\\ =\dfrac{x+1}{x-1}\)
\(b,\dfrac{1}{x+5}-\dfrac{1}{x-5}+\dfrac{2x}{x^2-25}\\ =\dfrac{1}{x+5}-\dfrac{1}{x-5}+\dfrac{2x}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}\\ =\dfrac{x-5-x-5+2x}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}\\ =\dfrac{2x-10}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}\\ =\dfrac{2\left(x-5\right)}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)}\\ =\dfrac{2}{x+5}\)
\(c,x+\dfrac{2y^2}{x+y}-y\\ =\dfrac{x\left(x+y\right)+2y^2-y\left(x+y\right)}{x+y}\\ =\dfrac{x^2+xy+2y^2-xy-y^2}{x+y}\\ =\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{x+y}\)
a/ \(\left(2x+3\right)\left(x-5\right)-\left(x-1\right)^2+x\left(7-x\right)\)
\(=2x^2-2x-15-x^2+2x-1+7x-x^2\)
\(=7x-16\)
a) \(18x^4y^3:12\left(-x\right)^3y\)
\(=\left(18:-12\right)\left(x^4:x^3\right)\left(y^3:y\right)\)
\(=-\dfrac{3}{2}xy^2\)
b) \(x^2y^2-2xy^3:\dfrac{1}{2}xy^2\)
\(=\dfrac{xy^2\left(x-2y\right)}{\dfrac{1}{2}xy^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-2y}{\dfrac{1}{2}}\)
\(=2x-4y\)
a) Quy đồng mẫu thức và sử dụng hằng đẳng thức rồi rút gọn thu được x + 1 2 ( x − 1 )
b) Tương tự a) thu được 2 2 − y