a. x2 – 3x + 2 = 0 b. – x2 + 5x – 6 = 0
c. 4x2 – 12x + 5 = 0 d. 2x2 + 5x + 3 = 0
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Bài 1:
a) (3x - 2)(4x + 5) = 0
<=> 3x - 2 = 0 hoặc 4x + 5 = 0
<=> 3x = 2 hoặc 4x = -5
<=> x = 2/3 hoặc x = -5/4
b) (2,3x - 6,9)(0,1x + 2) = 0
<=> 2,3x - 6,9 = 0 hoặc 0,1x + 2 = 0
<=> 2,3x = 6,9 hoặc 0,1x = -2
<=> x = 3 hoặc x = -20
c) (4x + 2)(x^2 + 1) = 0
<=> 4x + 2 = 0 hoặc x^2 + 1 # 0
<=> 4x = -2
<=> x = -2/4 = -1/2
d) (2x + 7)(x - 5)(5x + 1) = 0
<=> 2x + 7 = 0 hoặc x - 5 = 0 hoặc 5x + 1 = 0
<=> 2x = -7 hoặc x = 5 hoặc 5x = -1
<=> x = -7/2 hoặc x = 5 hoặc x = -1/5
Bài 1:
a: \(\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x+6< =0\)
=>(x-2)(x-3)<=0
=>2<=x<=3
b: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-6\right)^2< =0\)
=>x=6
c: \(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+1>=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2>=0\)
hay \(x\in R\)
`a)16x^2-24x+9=25`
`<=>(4x-3)^2=25`
`+)4x-3=5`
`<=>4x=8<=>x=2`
`+)4x-3=-5`
`<=>4x=-2`
`<=>x=-1/2`
`b)x^2+10x+9=0`
`<=>x^2+x+9x+9=0`
`<=>x(x+1)+9(x+1)=0`
`<=>(x+1)(x+9)=0`
`<=>` \(\left[ \begin{array}{l}x=-9\\x=-1\end{array} \right.\)
`c)x^2-4x-12=0`
`<=>x^2+2x-6x-12=0`
`<=>x(x+2)-6(x+2)=0`
`<=>(x+2)(x-6)=0`
`<=>` \(\left[ \begin{array}{l}x=-2\\x=6\end{array} \right.\)
`d)x^2-5x-6=0`
`<=>x^2+x-6x-6=0`
`<=>x(x+1)-6(x+1)=0`
`<=>(x+1)(x-6)=0`
`<=>` \(\left[ \begin{array}{l}x=6\\x=-1\end{array} \right.\)
`e)4x^2-3x-1=0`
`<=>4x^2-4x+x-1=0`
`<=>4x(x-1)+(x-1)=0`
`<=>` \(\left[ \begin{array}{l}x=1\\x=-\dfrac14\end{array} \right.\)
`f)x^4+4x^2-5=0`
`<=>x^4-x^2+5x^2-5=0`
`<=>x^2(x^2-1)+5(x^2-1)=0`
`<=>(x^2-1)(x^2+5)=0`
Vì `x^2+5>=5>0`
`=>x^2-1=0<=>x^2=1`
`<=>` \(\left[ \begin{array}{l}x=1\\x=-1\end{array} \right.\)
a) x(4x2-1)=0
=>x(2x-1)(2x+1)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\2x-1=0\\2x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\) =>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
vậy x\(\in\) {\(\dfrac{-1}{2}\) ;0;\(\dfrac{1}{2}\) }
c)x3-x2-x+1=0
=>(x3-x2)-(x-1)=0
=>x2(x-1)-(x-1)=0
=>(x-1)(x2-1)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x^2-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\) =>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bổ sung thêm \(x^2=1\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\).
a) \(4x^2+12x+1=\left(4x^2+12x+9\right)-8=\left(2x+3\right)^2-8\ge-8\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
b) \(4x^2-3x+10=\left(4x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{16}\right)+\dfrac{151}{16}=\left(2x-\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{151}{16}\ge\dfrac{151}{16}\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{8}\)
c) \(2x^2+5x+10=\left(2x^2+5x+\dfrac{25}{8}\right)+\dfrac{55}{8}=\left(\sqrt{2}x+\dfrac{5\sqrt{2}}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{55}{8}\ge\dfrac{55}{8}\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{5}{4}\)
d) \(x-x^2+2=-\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{9}{4}=-\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{9}{4}\le\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
e) \(2x-2x^2=-2\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}=-2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
f) \(4x^2+2y^2+4xy+4y+5=\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+1=\left(2x+y\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\ge1\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: Ta có: \(4x^2+12x+1\)
\(=4x^2+12x+9-8\)
\(=\left(2x+3\right)^2-8\ge-8\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
b: Ta có: \(4x^2-3x+10\)
\(=4\left(x^2-\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\)
\(=4\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{3}{8}+\dfrac{9}{64}+\dfrac{151}{64}\right)\)
\(=4\left(x-\dfrac{3}{8}\right)^2+\dfrac{151}{16}\ge\dfrac{151}{16}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{3}{8}\)
c: Ta có: \(2x^2+5x+10\)
\(=2\left(x^2+\dfrac{5}{2}x+5\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{5}{4}+\dfrac{25}{16}+\dfrac{55}{16}\right)\)
\(=2\left(x+\dfrac{5}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{55}{8}\ge\dfrac{55}{8}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=-\dfrac{5}{4}\)
\(a,\Leftrightarrow2x^2+10x-2x^2=12\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{12}{10}=\dfrac{6}{5}\\ b,\Leftrightarrow\left(5-2x-4\right)\left(5-2x+4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(1-2x\right)\left(9-2x\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=\dfrac{9}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\ c,\Leftrightarrow3x^2-3x^2+6x=36\Leftrightarrow x=6\\ d,\Leftrightarrow2\left(x+5\right)-x\left(x+5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2-x\right)\left(x+5\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\\ e,\Leftrightarrow4x^2-4x+1-4x^2+196=0\\ \Leftrightarrow-4x=-197\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{197}{4}\)
\(f,\Leftrightarrow x^2+8x+16-x^2+1=16\Leftrightarrow8x=-1\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{8}\\ g,Sửa:\left(3x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(3x+1-x-1\right)\left(3x+1+x+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2x\left(4x+2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\ h,\Leftrightarrow x^2+8x-x-8=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+8\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-8\end{matrix}\right.\\ i,\Leftrightarrow2x^2-13x+15=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^2+2x-15x-15=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(2x-15\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=\dfrac{15}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
1.\(\left(x+2\right)\left(2x-3\right)=x^2-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(2x-3\right)-\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(2x-3-x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
2.\(x^2+3x+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x+2x+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)+2\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
3.\(2x^2+5x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2x+3x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x+1\right)+3\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(2x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
4.\(x^3+x^2-12x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2+x-12\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+4\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-4\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(2x-3\right)-\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(2x-3-x+2\right)=0\)
=>(x+2)(x-1)=0
=>x=-2 hoặc x=1
b: =>(x+1)(x+2)=0
=>x=-1 hoặc x=-2
c: =>(2x+3)(x+1)=0
=>x=-1 hoặc x=-3/2
d: =>x(x+4)(x-3)=0
hay \(x\in\left\{0;-4;3\right\}\)
Bài làm
a) x2 - 3x + 2 = 0
<=> x2 - x - 2x + 2 = 0
<=> x( x - 1 ) - 2( x - 1 ) = 0
<=> ( x - 2 )( x - 1 ) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-2=0\\x-1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\\x=1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình S={2;1}
b) -x2 + 5x - 6 = 0
<=> -x2 + 2x + 3x - 6 = 0
<=> -x( x - 2 ) + 3( x - 2 ) = 0
<=> ( 3 - x )( x - 2 ) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}3-x=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=3\\x=2\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình S={3;2}
c) 4x2 - 12x + 5 = 0
<=> 4x2 - 10x - 2x + 5 = 0
<=> 2x( 2x - 1 ) - 5( 2x - 1 ) = 0
<=> ( 2x - 5 )( 2x - 1 ) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}2x-5=0\\2x-1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{5}{2}\\x=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm phương trình S={\(\frac{5}{2};\frac{1}{2}\)}
d) 2x2 + 5x + 3 = 0
<=> 2x2 + 2x + 3x + 3 = 0
<=> 2x( x + 1 ) + 3( x + 1 ) = 0
<=> ( 2x + 3 )( x + 1 ) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}2x+3=0\\x+1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{3}{2}\\x=-1\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm phương trình S = { \(-\frac{3}{2};-1\)}
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