Cho a,b,c là các số thực dương tìm giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức \(P=\frac{8a+3b+4\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)}{1+\left(a+b+c\right)^2}..\)
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KN
25 tháng 4 2020
Xét biểu thức \(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)+\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)+\left(c+2\right)\left(a+2\right)}{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{abc+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+8}\)
\(=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{\left(abc+ab+bc+ca\right)+\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+8}\)
\(=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{4+\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+8}\)(Do \(ab+bc+ca+abc=4\)theo giả thiết)
\(=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}=1\)(***)
Với x,y dương ta có 2 bất đẳng thức phụ sau:
\(2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)^2\)(*)
\(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)(**)
Áp dụng (*) và (**), ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+4}\le\frac{1}{a+b+4}=\frac{1}{\left(a+2\right)+\left(b+2\right)}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}\right)\)(1)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\left(b^2+c^2\right)}+4}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}\right)\)(2)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\left(c^2+a^2\right)}+4}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{c+2}+\frac{1}{a+2}\right)\)(3)
Cộng từng vế của các bất đẳng thức (1), (2), (3), ta được:
\(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\)(theo (***))
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
29 tháng 6 2017
Đặt: \(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{xyz}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+zx=1\)
Ta có:
\(S=\frac{\frac{1}{x}}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{y}.\frac{1}{z}\left(1+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)}}+\frac{\frac{1}{y}}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{z}.\frac{1}{x}\left(1+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)}}+\frac{\frac{1}{z}}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{x}.\frac{1}{y}\left(1+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{yz}{1+x^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{zx}{1+y^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{xy}{1+z^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{yz}{xy+yz+zx+x^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{zx}{xy+yz+zx+y^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{xy}{xy+yz+zx+z^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{zx}{\left(y+x\right)\left(y+z\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{z}{x+z}+\frac{z}{y+z}+\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{z+x}+\frac{y}{z+y}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\left(1+1+1\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)
23 tháng 5 2021
Ta có:
sigma \(\frac{ab}{3a+4b+5c}=\) sigma \(\frac{2ab}{5\left(a+b+2c\right)+\left(a+3b\right)}\le\frac{2}{36}\left(sigma\frac{5ab}{a+b+2c}+sigma\frac{ab}{a+3b}\right)\)
Ta đi chứng minh: \(sigma\frac{ab}{a+b+2c}\le\frac{9}{4}\)
có: \(sigma\frac{ab}{a+b+2c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(sigma\frac{ab}{c+a}+sigma\frac{ab}{b+c}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{9}{4}\)
BĐT trên đúng nếu: \(sigma\frac{ab}{a+3b}\le\frac{9}{4}\)
Ta thấy: \(sigma\frac{ab}{a+3b}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(sigma\frac{ab}{a}+sigma\frac{3ab}{b}\right)=\frac{1}{16}\)( sigma \(b+sigma3a\)) \(=\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sigma\frac{ab}{3a+4b+5c}\le\frac{1}{18}\left(5.\frac{9}{4}+\frac{9}{4}\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)(1)
MÀ: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab\left(a+2c\right)\left(b+2c\right)}}=\frac{2}{2\sqrt{\left(ab+2bc\right)\left(ab+2ca\right)}}\ge\frac{2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3}{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\frac{3}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{3}{9^2}=\frac{1}{27}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow T\le\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{27}=\frac{77}{108}\)
Vậy GTLN của biểu thức T là 77/108 <=> a=b=c=3
KN
6 tháng 8 2020
\(P=\frac{3a+3b+2c}{\sqrt{6\left(a^2+5\right)}+\sqrt{6\left(b^2+5\right)}+\sqrt{c^2+5}}\)
\(=\frac{3a+3b+2c}{\sqrt{6\left(a^2+ab+bc+ca\right)}+\sqrt{6\left(b^2+ab+bc+ca\right)}+\sqrt{c^2+ab+bc+ca}}\)(Do ab + bc + ca = 5)
\(=\frac{3a+3b+2c}{\sqrt{6\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\sqrt{6\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM, ta được:
\(\sqrt{6\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}=2\sqrt{\frac{6}{4}\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)\(\le\frac{6}{4}\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)=\frac{5}{2}a+\frac{6}{4}b+c\)
\(\sqrt{6\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}=2\sqrt{\frac{6}{4}\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)\(\le\frac{6}{4}\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)=\frac{6}{4}a+\frac{5}{2}b+c\)
\(\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}\le\frac{\left(c+a\right)+\left(c+b\right)}{2}=c+\frac{a}{2}+\frac{b}{2}\)
Cộng theo vế của 3 BĐT trên, ta được: \(\sqrt{6\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\sqrt{6\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}\)\(\le\frac{9}{2}a+\frac{9}{2}b+3c\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3a+3b+2c}{\sqrt{6\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\sqrt{6\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)\(\ge\frac{3a+3b+2c}{\frac{9}{2}a+\frac{9}{2}b+3c}=\frac{2}{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=1;c=2\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
21 tháng 8 2021
\(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{4b.c}+2\left(a+c\right)\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(4b+c\right)+2\left(a+c\right)=\dfrac{5}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{2}{5}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b+c}}\right)=\dfrac{2}{5}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b+c}}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{10}\ge-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=4\\a=b=\dfrac{c}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\) em tự giải ra a;b;c
23 tháng 9 2021
Ta có: \(a+b+c+\sqrt{abc}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow4a+4b+4c+4\sqrt{abc}=16\)
\(\Rightarrow4a+4\sqrt{abc}=16-4b-4c\)
\(\sqrt{a\left(4-b\right)\left(4-c\right)}=\sqrt{a\left(16-4b-4c+bc\right)}=\sqrt{a\left(4a+4\sqrt{abc}+bc\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{4a^2+4a\sqrt{abc}+abc}=\sqrt{\left(2a+\sqrt{abc}\right)^2}=\left|2a+\sqrt{abc}\right|=2a+\sqrt{abc}\)
Tương tự:
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{b\left(4-a\right)\left(4-c\right)}=2b+\sqrt{abc}\\\sqrt{c\left(4-a\right)\left(4-b\right)}=2c+\sqrt{abc}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\sqrt{a\left(4-b\right)\left(4-c\right)}+\sqrt{b\left(4-c\right)\left(4-a\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(4-a\right)\left(4-b\right)}-\sqrt{abc}=2a+2b+2c+3\sqrt{abc}-\sqrt{abc}=2\left(a+b+c+\sqrt{abc}\right)=8\)
23 tháng 9 2021
Ta có \(\sqrt{a\left(4-b\right)\left(4-c\right)}=\sqrt{a\left(a+c+\sqrt{abc}\right)\left(4-c\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(a^2+ac+a\sqrt{abc}\right)\left(4-c\right)}\\ =\sqrt{4a^2+ac\left(4-\sqrt{abc}-a-c\right)+4a\sqrt{abc}}\\ =\sqrt{4a^2+4a\sqrt{abc}+abc}=\sqrt{\left(2a+\sqrt{abc}\right)^2}\\ =2a+\sqrt{abc}\left(a,b,c>0\right)\)
Cmtt \(\sqrt{b\left(4-c\right)\left(4-a\right)}=2b+\sqrt{abc};\sqrt{c\left(4-b\right)\left(4-a\right)}=2c+\sqrt{abc}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2\left(a+b+c\right)+3\sqrt{abc}-\sqrt{abc}=2\left(a+b+c\right)+2\sqrt{abc}\\ A=2\left(a+b+c+\sqrt{abc}\right)=2\cdot4=8\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM ta có:
\(4\sqrt{ab}=2\sqrt{a.4b}\le a+4b\)
\(4\sqrt{bc}=2\sqrt{b.4c}\le b+4c\)
\(4\sqrt[3]{abc}=\sqrt[3]{a.4b.16c}\le\frac{a+4b+16c}{3}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT ta được:
\(8a+3b+4\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)\le\frac{28}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{28\left(a+b+c\right)}{3+3\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{14}{3}-\frac{14\left(a+b+c-1\right)^2}{3\left[\left(a+b+c\right)^2+1\right]}\le\frac{14}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow Max_P=\frac{14}{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=1\)và \(a=4b=16c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{16}{21};b=\frac{4}{21};c=\frac{1}{21}\)