1.
Cho \(P=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+....+\frac{1}{2^{100}-1}\)
CMR : \(P>50\)
2.
So sánh : \(A=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+.....+\frac{1}{2^{100}}\)và \(B=2\)
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A = \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}\)
A < \(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}\)
A < \(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)
A < 1 - \(\frac{1.}{100}\)
A < \(\frac{99}{100}< \frac{199}{100}\)
=> A < \(\frac{199}{100}\)
b,
S = \(\frac{3}{2^2}.\frac{8}{3^2}.\frac{15}{4^2}...\frac{99}{10^2}\)
S = \(\frac{1.3}{2.2}.\frac{2.4}{3.3}.\frac{3.5}{4.4}...\frac{9.11}{10.10}\)
S = \(\frac{1.3.2.4.3.5.4.6.5.7...9.11}{2.2.3.3.4.4...10.10}\)
S = \(\frac{1.2.3^2.4^2.5^2...9^2.10.11}{2^2.3^3.4^2...10^2}\)
S = \(\frac{1.11}{2.10}\)
S = \(\frac{11}{20}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{2019.2020}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2019}-\frac{1}{2020}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2020}< 1\)
Vậy \(A< 1\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(B=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}< \frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{49.50}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B< \frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B< \frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{50}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B< \frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B< \frac{3}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có:
\(2^2<4^2\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}>\frac{1}{4^2}\)
\(3^2<6^2\Rightarrow\frac{1}{3^2}>\frac{1}{6^2}\)
\(4^2<8^2\Rightarrow\frac{1}{4^2}<\frac{1}{8^2}\)
\(...\)
\(100^2<200^2\Rightarrow\frac{1}{100^2}>\frac{1}{200^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}>\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+\frac{1}{8^2}+...+\frac{1}{200^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>B\)
Ta có
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
..............
\(\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
=> S < \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
S < \(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(S< 1-\dfrac{1}{100}< 1\)(do 1/100 >0)
ĐPcm
Giải:
\(S=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{99^2}+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{2.2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}=\dfrac{1}{3.3}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{4^2}=\dfrac{1}{4.4}< \dfrac{1}{3.4}\)
\(...\)
\(\dfrac{1}{99^2}=\dfrac{1}{99.99}< \dfrac{1}{98.99}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{100^2}=\dfrac{1}{100.100}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{98.99}+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{98}-\dfrac{1}{99}+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{100}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow S< 1\)
Vậy S < 1.
BÀI 1:
\(P=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+........+\frac{1}{2^{100}-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+..........+\frac{1}{2^{100}-1}+\frac{1}{2^{100}}-\frac{1}{2^{100}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=1+\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{2^2}\right)+........+\left(\frac{1}{2^{99}+1}+.......+\frac{1}{2^{100}}\right)-\frac{1}{2^{100}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A>1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}\cdot2+\frac{1}{2^3}\cdot2^2+........+\frac{1}{2^{100}}\cdot2^{99}-\frac{1}{2^{100}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A>1+\frac{1}{2}\cdot100-\frac{1}{2^{100}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A>51-\frac{1}{2^{100}}>51-1=50\)
\(\Rightarrow DPCM\)
BÀI 2 :
TA CÓ: \(A=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+......+\frac{1}{2^{100}}\)VÀ \(B=2\)
= > CẦN CHỨNG MINH \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+.......+\frac{1}{2^{100}}\)NHƯ THẾ NÀO SO VỚI 1
ĐẶT \(C=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+.......+\frac{1}{2^{100}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2C=1+\frac{1}{2}+.......+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2C-C=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+.....+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+.....+\frac{1}{2^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow C=1-\frac{1}{2^{100}}>1\)
\(\Rightarrow A>B\)
2 vế bằng nhau
100-(1+1/2+1/3+...+1/100) = 1/2+2/3+3/4+...+99/100
100- 1-1/2-1/3-...-1/100 = 1/2+2/3+3/4+...+99/100
100 = 1 + 1/2 + 1/2 + 1/3 + 2/3 + ... + 1/100 + 99/100 (cùng cộng 2 vế với (- 1-1/2-1/3-...-1/100)
100 = 1 + 1 + 1 + ... + 1 (100 số hạng)
100 = 100
Vậy 100-(1+1/2+1/3+...+1/100) = 1/2+2/3+3/4+...+99/100