Tính P = \(\frac{a+2b}{3a}\) + \(\frac{b+2a}{3b}\) khi a\(^2\) - 3ab + 2b\(^2\) = 0.
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\(a^2-3ab+2b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab-ab+2b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(a-2b\right)-b\left(a-2b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2b\right)\left(a-b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=2b\\a=b\end{cases}}\)
+ ) TH1 :
\(a=2b\)
\(P=\frac{a+2b}{3a}+\frac{b+2a}{3b}\)
\(P=\frac{2b+2b}{6b}+\frac{b+4b}{3b}\)
\(P=\frac{4b}{6b}+\frac{5b}{3b}\)
\(P=\frac{4}{6}+\frac{5}{3}=\frac{7}{3}\)
+ ) TH 2 \(a=b\)
\(P=\frac{a+2b}{3a}+\frac{b+2a}{3b}\)
\(P=\frac{3a}{3a}+\frac{3b}{3b}=1+1=2\)
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Ta có: \(\frac{2a^2+3b^2}{2a^3+3b^3}\left(a+b\right)=1+ab\frac{2a+3b}{2a^3+3b^3}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Holder ta có:
\(\left(2a^3+3b^3\right)\left(2+3\right)^2\ge\left(2a+3b\right)^3\)
Vậy ta có thể viết lại BĐT cần chứng minh như sau;
\(VT\left(a+b\right)\le2+25ab\left(\frac{1}{\left(2a+3b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(2b+3a\right)^2}\right)\)
Nó đủ để ta có thể thấy rằng
\(25ab\left[\left(2b+3a\right)^2+\left(2a+3b\right)^2\right]\le2\left(2a+3b\right)^2\left(2b+3a\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow59\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2+13\left(a^4+b^4-a^3b-ab^3\right)\ge0\)
BĐT cuối cùng đúng nên ta có ĐPCM
a/ \(\Leftrightarrow x\left(8x^3+12x^2+6x+1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x\left[\left(2x\right)^3+3.\left(2x\right)^2.1+3.2x.1+1\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(2x+1\right)^3=0\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\\left(2x+1\right)^3=0\Leftrightarrow2x+1=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
b/ \(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-\left(4x^2-9\right)=9x\Leftrightarrow9x=9\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
c/ Từ \(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}=1\Rightarrow a-b=-ab\) thay vào biểu thức
\(\Rightarrow\frac{-ab-2ab}{-2ab+3ab}=\frac{-3ab}{ab}=-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(2a^2+3b^2\right)\left(a+b\right)}{2a^3+3b^3}+\frac{\left(2b^2+3a^2\right)\left(a+b\right)}{2b^3+3a^3}\le4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2a^3+3b^3+2a^2b+3ab^2}{2a^3+3b^3}+\frac{2b^3+3a^3+2ab^2+3ab^2}{2b^3+3a^3}\le4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2a^2b+3ab^2}{2a^3+3b^3}+\frac{2ab^2+3ab^2}{2b^3+3a^3}\le2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^2+3\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)}{2\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^3+3}+\frac{2\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)+3\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^2}{3\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^3+2}\le2\)
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=x>0\Rightarrow\frac{2x^2+3x}{2x^3+3}+\frac{3x^2+2x}{3x^3+2}\le2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2\left(12x^4+12x^3-x^2+12x+12\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=1\) hay \(a=b\)
Hơi trâu bò :D
a, Đặt \(\frac{a}{2}=\frac{b}{3}=\frac{c}{5}=k\)\(\Rightarrow a=2k\); \(b=3k\); \(c=5k\)
Ta có: \(B=\frac{a+7b-2c}{3a+2b-c}=\frac{2k+7.3k-2.5k}{3.2k+2.3k-5k}=\frac{2k+21k-10k}{6k+6k-5k}=\frac{13k}{7k}=\frac{13}{7}\)
b, Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2a-1}=\frac{2}{3b-1}=\frac{3}{4c-1}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{2a-1}{1}=\frac{3b-1}{2}=\frac{4c-1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{1}=\frac{3\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{2}=\frac{4\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\frac{2\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{12}=\frac{3\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{2.12}=\frac{4\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{3.12}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{6}=\frac{\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{8}=\frac{\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{9}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{3\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{18}=\frac{2\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{16}=\frac{\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}}{18}=\frac{2b-\frac{2}{3}}{16}=\frac{c-\frac{1}{4}}{9}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}}{18}=\frac{2b-\frac{2}{3}}{16}=\frac{c-\frac{1}{4}}{9}=\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}+2b-\frac{2}{3}-\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{18+16-9}=\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}+2b-\frac{2}{3}-c+\frac{1}{4}}{25}\)
\(=\frac{\left(3a+2b-c\right)-\left(\frac{3}{2}+\frac{2}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{25}=\left(4-\frac{23}{12}\right)\div25=\frac{25}{12}\times\frac{1}{25}=\frac{1}{12}\)
Do đó: +) \(\frac{a-\frac{1}{2}}{6}=\frac{1}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow a-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{6}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow a=1\)
+) \(\frac{b-\frac{1}{3}}{8}=\frac{1}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow b-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{8}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow b=1\)
+) \(\frac{c-\frac{1}{4}}{9}=\frac{1}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow c-\frac{1}{4}=\frac{9}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow c=1\)
\(a^2-3ab+2b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab-ab+2b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(a-2b\right)-b\left(a-2b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2b\right)\left(a-b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=2b\\a=b\end{matrix}\right.\)
+) TH1: \(a=2b\)
\(P=\frac{a+2b}{3a}+\frac{b+2a}{3b}\)
\(P=\frac{2b+2b}{6b}+\frac{b+4b}{3b}\)
\(P=\frac{4b}{6b}+\frac{5b}{3b}\)
\(P=\frac{4}{6}+\frac{5}{3}=\frac{7}{3}\)
+) TH2: \(a=b\)
\(P=\frac{a+2b}{3a}+\frac{b+2a}{3b}\)
\(P=\frac{3a}{3a}+\frac{3b}{3b}=1+1=2\)
Vậy....