Cho góc \(\alpha\) \((0< \alpha< 90\)\()\) . Tính giá trị biểu thức: B\(=(1-\sin^4\alpha-\cos^4\alpha)(\tan^2\alpha+\cot^2\alpha+2)\).
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a)
\(\sin ^4a-\cos ^4a+1=(\sin ^2a-\cos ^2a)(\sin ^2a+\cos^2a)+1\)
\(=(\sin ^2a-\cos ^2a).1+1=\sin ^2a-\cos ^2a+\sin ^2a+\cos ^2a\)
\(=2\sin ^2a\)
b) \(\sin ^2a+2\cos ^2a-1=(\sin ^2a+\cos^2a)+\cos ^2a-1\)
\(=1+\cos ^2a-1=\cos ^2a\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{\sin ^2a+2\cos ^2a-1}{\cot ^2a}=\frac{\cos ^2a}{\cot ^2a}=\frac{\cos ^2a}{\frac{\cos ^2a}{\sin ^2a}}=\sin ^2a\)
c)
\(\frac{1-\sin ^2a\cos ^2a}{\cos ^2a}-\cos ^2a=\frac{1}{\cos ^2a}-\sin ^2a-\cos ^2a\)
\(=\frac{1}{\cos ^2a}-(\sin ^2a+\cos ^2a)=\frac{1}{\cos ^2a}-1\)
\(=\frac{1-\cos ^2a}{\cos ^2a}=\frac{\sin ^2a}{\cos ^2a}=\tan ^2a\)
d)
\(\frac{\sin ^2a-\tan ^2a}{\cos ^2a-\cot ^2a}=\frac{\sin ^2a-\frac{\sin ^2a}{\cos ^2a}}{\cos ^2a-\frac{\cos ^2a}{\sin ^2a}}\) \(=\frac{\sin ^2a(1-\frac{1}{\cos ^2a})}{\cos ^2a(1-\frac{1}{\sin ^2a})}\)
\(=\frac{\sin ^2a.\frac{\cos ^2a-1}{\cos ^2a}}{\cos ^2a.\frac{\sin ^2a-1}{\sin ^2a}}\) \(=\frac{\sin ^2a.\frac{-\sin ^2a}{\cos ^2a}}{\cos ^2a.\frac{-\cos ^2a}{\sin ^2a}}=\frac{\sin ^6a}{\cos ^6a}=\tan ^6a\)
f)
\(\frac{(\sin a+\cos a)^2-1}{\cot a-\sin a\cos a}=\frac{\sin ^2a+\cos ^2a+2\sin a\cos a-1}{\frac{\cos a}{\sin a}-\sin a\cos a}\)
\(=\sin a.\frac{1+2\sin a\cos a-1}{\cos a-\cos a\sin ^2a}\)
\(=\sin a. \frac{2\sin a\cos a}{\cos a(1-\sin ^2a)}=\sin a. \frac{2\sin a\cos a}{\cos a. \cos^2 a}=\frac{2\sin ^2a}{\cos ^2a}=2\tan ^2a\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(tana-5cota+4=0\Rightarrow tana-\dfrac{5}{tana}+4=0\)
\(\Rightarrow tan^2a+4tana-5=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}tana=1\\tana=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=\dfrac{4sina+2cosa}{3sina-cosa}=\dfrac{\dfrac{4sina}{cosa}+\dfrac{2cosa}{cosa}}{\dfrac{3sina}{cosa}-\dfrac{cosa}{cosa}}=\dfrac{4tana+2}{3tana-1}=\left[{}\begin{matrix}3\\\dfrac{9}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
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Tham khảo:
a)
Gọi M(x;y) là điểm trên đường tròn đơn vị sao cho \(\widehat {xOM} = \alpha \). Gọi N, P tương ứng là hình chiếu vuông góc của M lên các trục Ox, Oy.
Ta có: \(\left\{ \begin{array}{l}x = \cos \alpha \\y = \sin \alpha \end{array} \right. \Rightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}{\cos ^2}\alpha = {x^2}\\{\sin ^2}\alpha = {y^2}\end{array} \right.\)(1)
Mà \(\left\{ \begin{array}{l}\left| x \right| = ON\\\left| y \right| = OP = MN\end{array} \right. \Rightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}{x^2} = {\left| x \right|^2} = O{N^2}\\{y^2} = {\left| y \right|^2} = M{N^2}\end{array} \right.\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \({\sin ^2}\alpha + {\cos ^2}\alpha = O{N^2} + M{N^2} = O{M^2}\) (do \(\Delta OMN\) vuông tại N)
\( \Rightarrow {\sin ^2}\alpha + {\cos ^2}\alpha = 1\) (vì OM =1). (đpcm)
b)
Ta có: \(\tan \alpha = \frac{{\sin \alpha }}{{\cos \alpha }}\;\;(\alpha \ne {90^o})\)
\( \Rightarrow 1 + {\tan ^2}\alpha = 1 + \frac{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha }}{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }} = \frac{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }}{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }} + \frac{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha }}{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }} = \frac{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha + {{\cos }^2}\alpha }}{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }}\)
Mà theo ý a) ta có \({\sin ^2}\alpha + {\cos ^2}\alpha = 1\) với mọi góc \(\alpha \)
\( \Rightarrow 1 + {\tan ^2}\alpha = \frac{1}{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }}\) (đpcm)
c)
Ta có: \(\cot \alpha = \frac{{\cos \alpha }}{{\sin \alpha }}\;\;\;({0^o} < \alpha < {180^o})\)
\( \Rightarrow 1 + {\cot ^2}\alpha = 1 + \frac{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }}{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha }} = \frac{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha }}{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha }} + \frac{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }}{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha }} = \frac{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha + {{\cos }^2}\alpha }}{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha }}\)
Mà theo ý a) ta có \({\sin ^2}\alpha + {\cos ^2}\alpha = 1\) với mọi góc \(\alpha \)
\( \Rightarrow 1 + {\cot ^2}\alpha = \frac{1}{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha }}\) (đpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Ta có:
\(\begin{array}{l}{\sin ^4}\alpha - {\cos ^4}\alpha = 1 - 2{\cos ^2}\alpha \\ \Leftrightarrow \left( {{{\sin }^2}\alpha + {{\cos }^2}\alpha } \right)\left( {{{\sin }^2}\alpha - {{\cos }^2}\alpha } \right) = 1 - 2{\cos ^2}\alpha \\ \Leftrightarrow {\sin ^2}\alpha - {\cos ^2}\alpha - 1 + 2{\cos ^2}\alpha = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow {\sin ^2}\alpha + {\cos ^2}\alpha - 1 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow 1 - 1 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow 0 = 0\end{array}\)
Đẳng thức luôn đúng
b) Ta có:
\(\begin{array}{l}\tan \alpha + \cot \alpha = \frac{1}{{\sin \alpha .\cos \alpha }}\\ \Leftrightarrow \frac{{\sin \alpha }}{{\cos \alpha }} + \frac{{\cos \alpha }}{{\sin \alpha }} = \frac{1}{{\sin \alpha .\cos \alpha }}\\ \Leftrightarrow \frac{{{{\sin }^2}\alpha + {{\cos }^2}\alpha }}{{\cos \alpha .\sin \alpha }} = \frac{1}{{\sin \alpha .\cos \alpha }}\\ \Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{{\sin \alpha .\cos \alpha }} = \frac{1}{{\sin \alpha .\cos \alpha }}\end{array}\)
Đẳng thức luôn đúng
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=\dfrac{cos^2a-sin^2a}{\dfrac{cos^2a}{sin^2a}-\dfrac{sin^2a}{cos^2a}}-cos^2a=\dfrac{cos^2a.sin^2a\left(cos^2a-sin^2a\right)}{\left(cos^2a-sin^2a\right)\left(cos^2a+sin^2a\right)}-cos^2a\)
\(=cos^2a.sin^2a-cos^2a=cos^2a\left(sin^2a-1\right)=-cos^4a\)
\(B=\sqrt{\left(1-cos^2a\right)^2+6cos^2a+3cos^4a}+\sqrt{\left(1-sin^2a\right)^2+6sin^2a+3sin^4a}\)
\(=\sqrt{4cos^4a+4cos^2a+1}+\sqrt{4sin^4a+4sin^2a+1}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(2cos^2a+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(2sin^2a+1\right)^2}\)
\(=2\left(sin^2a+cos^2a\right)+2=4\)
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\(\frac{sin^2a-cos^2a+cos^4a}{cos^2a-sin^2a+sin^4a}=\frac{sin^2a-cos^2a\left(1-cos^2a\right)}{cos^2a-sin^2a\left(1-sin^2a\right)}=\frac{sin^2a-cos^2a.sin^2a}{cos^2a-sin^2a.cos^2a}\)
\(=\frac{sin^2a\left(1-cos^2a\right)}{cos^2a\left(1-sin^2a\right)}=\frac{sin^2a.sin^2a}{cos^2a.cos^2a}=tan^4a\)
\(sin^4a+cos^4a=\left(sin^2a+cos^2a\right)^2-sin^2a.cos^2a=1-2sin^2a.cos^2a\)
Lời giải:
Nhớ rằng \(\cos ^2a+\sin ^2a=1\). Ta có:
\(B=(1-\sin ^4a-\cos ^4a)(\tan ^2a+\cot ^2a+2)\)
\(=[1+2\sin ^2a\cos ^2a-(\sin^4a+\cos ^4a+2\sin ^2a\cos ^2a)](\frac{\sin ^2a}{\cos ^2a}+\frac{\cos ^2a}{\sin ^2a}+2)\)
\(=[1+2\sin ^2a\cos ^2a-(\sin ^2a+\cos ^2a)^2].\frac{\sin ^4a+\cos ^4a+2\sin ^2a\cos ^2a}{\cos ^2a\sin ^2a}\)
\(=[1+2\sin ^2a\cos ^2a-1^2].\frac{(\sin ^2a+\cos ^2a)^2}{\cos ^2a\sin ^a}\)
\(=2\sin ^2a\cos ^2a.\frac{1^2}{\cos ^2a\sin ^2a}=2\)