Cho a,b,c,d \(\in\) N* Thỏa mãn : \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\) Chứng minh rằng : \(\frac{2018.a+c}{2018.b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)
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Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có
\(VT:\frac{a^{2018}+c^{2018}}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=\frac{b^{2018}\cdot k^{2018}+d^{2018}\cdot k^{2018}}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=\frac{k^{2018}\left(b^{2018}+d^{2018}\right)}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=k^{2018}\)
\(VP:\frac{\left(a+c\right)^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}=\frac{\left(bk+dk\right)^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}=\frac{k^{2018}\cdot\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}=k^{2018}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=VP\)
Hay \(\frac{a^{2018}+c^{2018}}{b^{2018}+d^{2018}}=\frac{\left(a+c\right)^{2018}}{\left(b+d\right)^{2018}}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có:a/b<c/d<=>a.d<b.c
<=>2018a.d<2018b.c
<=>2018a.d+c.d<2018b.c+d.c
<=>d(2018a+c)<c(2018b+d)
<=>2018a+c/2018b+d<c/d(dpcm)
Ta có: Để \(\frac{2018\cdot a+c}{2018\cdot b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\left(2018\cdot a+c\right)\cdot d< \left(2018\cdot b+d\right)\cdot c\)
\(2018\cdot a\cdot d+c\cdot d< 2018\cdot b\cdot c+c\cdot d\)
\(2018\cdot a\cdot d< 2018\cdot b\cdot c\)(bỏ cả 2 vế đi \(c\cdot d\))(gọi là (1))
Vì \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow a\cdot d< b\cdot c\Rightarrow2018\cdot a\cdot d< 2018\cdot b\cdot c=\left(1\right)\)Mà (1) bằng \(\frac{2018\cdot a+c}{2018\cdot b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\) (điều phải chứng minh)
với c=0=>a=0 đẳng thức đúng
với c khác 0 ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{a-b}{c-d}\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^{2018}}{\left(c-d\right)^{2018}}=\frac{a^{2018}}{c^{2018}}=\frac{b^{2018}}{d^{2018}}=\frac{a^{2018}+b^{2018}}{c^{2018}+d^{2018}}\)
=>\(\frac{\left(a-b\right)^{2018}}{\left(c-d\right)^{2018}}=\frac{a^{2018}+b^{2018}}{c^{2018}+d^{2018}}\)
Sửa đề : Cần chứng minh \(4\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)=\left(c-a\right)^2\)
Đặt :\(\frac{a}{2017}=\frac{b}{2018}=\frac{c}{2019}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=2017k\\b=2018k\\c=2019k\end{cases}}\)
Khi đó :
\(4\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)=4\left(2017k-2018k\right)\left(208k-2019k\right)\)
\(=4\cdot\left(-k\right)\cdot\left(-k\right)=4k^2\)
\(\left(c-a\right)^2=\left(2019k-2017k\right)^2=\left(2k\right)^2=4k^2\)
Do đó : \(4\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)=\left(c-a\right)^2\) (đpcm)
Hình như là
a/b=2018a/2018b
Vì a/b<c/d
=>2018a/2018b<c/d
=>2018a+c/2018b+d<c+d
Lời giải:
Đặt \(\frac{a}{2016}=\frac{b}{2018}=\frac{c}{2020}=t\Rightarrow a=2016t; b=2018t; c=2020t\)
Khi đó:
\(\frac{(a-c)^2}{4}=\frac{(2016t-2020t)^2}{4}=\frac{16t^2}{4}=4t^2(1)\)
\((a-b)(b-c)=(2016t-2018t)(2018t-2020t)=(-2t)(-2t)=4t^2(2)\)
Từ \((1);(2)\Rightarrow \frac{(a-c)^2}{4}=(a-b)(b-c)\) (đpcm)
Đặng Quốc Huy:
\(\frac{(2016t-2020t)^2}{4}=\frac{(-4t)^2}{4}=\frac{(-4)^2.t^2}{4}=\frac{16t^2}{4}=4t^2\)
Vì \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\)
⇒ \(ad< bc\)
⇒ \(2018ad< 2018bc\)
⇒ \(2018ad+cd< 2018bc+cd\)
⇒ \(\left(2018a+c\right)d< \left(2018b+d\right)c\)
⇒ \(\frac{2018a+c}{2018b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)
Vậy \(\frac{2018a+c}{2018b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\) (ĐPCM)