I : Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
1) x^4+x^3+x+1
2: x^4-x^3-x^2+1
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\(=x^2\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+x+1\)
\(=x^2\left(x+1\right)^2+x+1\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left[x^2\left(x+1\right)+1\right]\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3+x^2+1\right)\)
\(x^4+2x^3+x^2+x+1\)
\(=x^2\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3+x^2+1\right)\)
\(x^4-x^3-x+1=\left(x^4-x^3\right)-\left(x-1\right)=x^3\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=\left(x^3-1\right)\left(x-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)^2.\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
x4 - x3 - x + 1
= (x4 - x3) - (x - 1)
= x3(x - 1) - (x - 1)
= (x3 - 1)(x - 1)
\(x^2\left(x+4\right)^2-\left(x+4\right)^2-\left(x^2-1\right)\\ =\left(x+4\right)^2\left(x^2-1\right)-\left(x^2-1\right)\\ =\left(x^2-1\right)\left[\left(x+4\right)^2-1\right]\\ =\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x+4-1\right)\left(x+4+1\right)\\ =\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+5\right)\)
\(x^4+x^3+2x^2+x+1\)
\(=\left(x^4+2x^2+1\right)+\left(x^3+x\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+1\right)^2+x\left(x^2+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2+1+x\right)\)
x^4+x^3+2x^2+x+1
=(x^4+2x^2+1)+(x^3+x)
=(x^2+1)^2+x(x^2+1)
=(x^2+1)(x^2+x+1)
\(x^{m+4}-x^{m+3}-x+1=x^{m+3}\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^{m+3}-1\right)\)
Ta có: \(x^{m+4}-x^{m+3}-x+1\)
\(=x^{m+3}\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^{m+3}-1\right)\)
\(x^4-2x^3+2x-1=x^3\left(x-1\right)-x^2\left(x-1\right)-x\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3-x^2-x+1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left[x^2\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)\right]=\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x^2-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)^3\left(x+1\right)\)
\(x^4-2x^3+2x-1\)
\(=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)-2x\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^3\cdot\left(x+1\right)\)
\(\left(x-5\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+7\right)+60\)
\(=\left(x^2+2x-35\right)\left(x^2+2x-3\right)+60\)
\(=\left(x^2+2x\right)^2-38\left(x^2+2x\right)+105+60\)
\(=\left(x^2+2x\right)^2-3\left(x^2+2x\right)-35\left(x^2+2x\right)+165\)
\(=\left(x^2+2x-3\right)\left(x^2+2x-35\right)\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+7\right)\left(x-5\right)\)
Ta có: \(\left(4x+1\right)\left(12x-1\right)\left(3x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)-4\)
\(=\left(12x^2+8x+3x+2\right)\left(12x^2+12x-x-1\right)-4\)
\(=\left(12x^2+11x+2\right)\left(12x^2+11x-1\right)-4\)
\(=\left(12x^2+11x\right)^2+\left(12x^2+11x\right)-6\)
\(=\left(12x^2+11x+3\right)\left(12x^2+11x-2\right)\)
\(A=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-4\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-8\right)+4x^2\)
\(A=\left[\left(x+1\right)\left(x-8\right)\right]\left[\left(x-4\right)\left(x+2\right)\right]+4x^2\)
\(A=\left(x^2-7x-8\right)\left(x^2-2x-8\right)+4x^2\)
Đặt \(p=x^2-4,5x-8\)ta có :
\(A=\left(p-2,5x\right)\left(p+2,5x\right)+4x^2\)
\(A=p^2-\left(2,5x\right)^2+4x^2\)
\(A=p^2-6,25x^2+4x^2\)
\(A=p^2-2,25x^2\)
\(A=p^2-\left(1,5x\right)^2\)
\(A=\left(p-1,5x\right)\left(p+1,5x\right)\)
Thay \(p=x^2-4,5x-8\)vào A ta có :
\(A=\left(x^2-4,5x-8-1,5x\right)\left(x^2-4,5x-8+1,5x\right)\)
\(A=\left(x^2-6x-8\right)\left(x^2-3x-8\right)\)
\(\left(x+1\right)\left(x-4\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-8\right)+4x^2\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-8\right)\left(x-4\right)\left(x+2\right)+4x^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-7x-8\right)\left(x^2-2x-8\right)+4x^2\)
Đặt \(x^2-2x-8=t\)
Ta có : \(\left(t-5x\right)t+4x^2\)
\(=t^2-5xt+4x^2\)
\(=t^2-2.\frac{5}{2}xt+\frac{25}{4}x^2-\frac{9}{4}x^2\)
\(=\left(t-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{9}{4}x^2\)
\(=\left(t-\frac{5}{2}-\frac{3}{2}x\right)\left(t-\frac{5}{2}+\frac{3}{2}x\right)\)
Học tốt ~~
1. x4+x3+x+1=x3(x+1)+(x+1)=(x+1)(x3+1)
2. x4-x3-x2+1=x3(x-1)-(x2-1)=x3(x-1)-(x-1)(x+1)=(x-1)(x3-x-1)