Cho x,y > 0 và x + 2y \(\ge\) 5
Tìm Min H = \(x^2+2y^2+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{24}{y}\)
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\(H=x^2+2y^2+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{24}{y}=x^2+1+2y^2+8+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{24}{y}-9\)
Vì x ; y > 0 , áp dụng BĐT Cauchy , ta có :
\(H\ge2x+8y+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{24}{y}-9=x+2y+x+\frac{1}{x}+6\left(y+\frac{4}{y}\right)-9\)
\(\ge5+2+6.4-9=22\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=1;y=2\)
\(P+3=x+\left(y^2+1\right)+\left(z^3+1+1\right)\ge x+2y+3z\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge x+2y+3z-3\)
\(6=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{4}{2y}+\dfrac{9}{3z}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+2+3\right)^2}{x+2y+3z}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+2y+3z\ge6\Rightarrow P\ge3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
`P=x^3/(x+y)+y^3/(y+z)+z^3/(z+x)`
`=x^4/(x^2+xy)+y^4/(y^2+yz)+z^4/(z^2+zx)`
Ad bđt cosi-swart:
`P>=(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz+zx)`
Mà `xy+yz+zx<=x^2+y^2+z^2)`
`=>P>=(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(2(x^2+y^2+z^2))=(x^2+y^2+z^2)/2=3/2`
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `x=y=z=1`
`Q=(x^3+y^3)/(x+2y)+(y^3+z^3)/(y+2z)+(z^3+x^3)/(z+2x)`
`Q=(x^3/(x+2y)+y^3/(y+2z)+z^3/(z+2x))+(y^3/(x+2y)+z^3/(y+2z)+x^3/(z+2x))`
`Q=(x^4/(x^2+2xy)+y^4/(y^2+2yz)+z^4/(z^2+2zx))+(y^4/(xy+2y^2)+z^4/(yz+2z^4)+x^4/(xz+2x^2))`
Áp dụng BĐT cosi-swart ta có:
`Q>=(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx)+(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(2(x^2+y^2+z^2)+xy+yz+zx))`
Mà`xy+yz+zx<=x^2+y^2+z^2`
`=>Q>=(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(3(x^2+y^2+z^2))+(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(3(x^2+y^2+z^2))=(2(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2)/(3(x^2+y^2+z^2))=(2(x^2+y^2+z^2))/3=2`
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `x=y=z=1.`
\(VT=\dfrac{x^2}{x^2+2xy+3zx}+\dfrac{y^2}{y^2+2yz+3xy}+\dfrac{z^2}{z^2+2zx+3yz}\)
\(VT\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2+5xy+5yz+5zx}=\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cauchy:
\(P=\sum\dfrac{x^2\left(y+z\right)}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}\ge\sum\dfrac{2x^2\sqrt{yz}}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}=\sum\dfrac{2\sqrt{x^3}\sqrt{xyz}}{\sqrt{y^3}+2\sqrt{z^3}}=\sum\dfrac{2\sqrt{x^3}}{\sqrt{y^3}+2\sqrt{z^3}}\)(vì xyz=1).
đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^3}=a\\\sqrt{y^3}=b\\\sqrt{z^3}=c\end{matrix}\right.\)(\(a,b,c>0\))thì giả thiết trở thành cho abc=1. tìm Min \(P=\dfrac{2a}{b+2c}+\dfrac{2b}{c+2a}+\dfrac{2c}{a+2b}\)
Áp dụng BĐT cauchy-schwarz:
\(P=2\left(\dfrac{a^2}{ab+2ac}+\dfrac{b^2}{bc+2ab}+\dfrac{c^2}{ac+2bc}\right)\ge\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=2\)( AM-GM \(3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le\left(a+b+c\right)^2\))
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c=1 hay x=y=z=1
Áp dụng bđt \(a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\)
\(x^2+2y^2\ge\dfrac{\left(x+2y\right)^2}{2}=\dfrac{25}{2}\)
Ta có:
\(x+2y\ge2\sqrt{x2y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5\ge2\sqrt{2xy}\)
\(\Rightarrow25\ge4.2xy\Rightarrow xy\le\dfrac{25}{8}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cosi
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{24}{y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{24}{xy}}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{24}{\dfrac{25}{8}}}=2\sqrt{\dfrac{24.8}{25}}=\dfrac{16}{5}\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow H\ge\dfrac{16}{5}\sqrt{3}+\dfrac{25}{2}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2y\\x+2y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\y=\dfrac{5}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
ta có : \(H=x^2+2y^2+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{24}{y}=x^2+\dfrac{1}{x}+2y^2+\dfrac{24}{y}\)
\(\Rightarrow H\ge2\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{48y}\) dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=1;y=2\)
thế lại ta có : \(H_{min}=2+8\sqrt{6}\)
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