Tìm GTLN, GTNN của hàm số y = -2sin2x +3sinx -1
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Đặt \(sinx=t\left(t\in\left[-1;1\right]\right)\).
\(\Rightarrow y=f\left(t\right)=-2t^2+3t-1\)
\(\Rightarrow y_{min}=min\left\{f\left(-1\right);f\left(1\right);f\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)\right\}=f\left(-1\right)=-6\)
\(y_{max}=max\left\{f\left(-1\right);f\left(1\right);f\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)\right\}=f\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)=\dfrac{1}{8}\)
a, \(y=3-4sin^2x.cos^2x=3-sin^22x\)
Đặt \(sin2x=t\left(t\in\left[-1;1\right]\right)\).
\(\Rightarrow y=f\left(t\right)=3-t^2\)
\(\Rightarrow y_{min}=minf\left(t\right)=2\)
\(y_{max}=maxf\left(t\right)=3\)
Đặt \(sinx=t\in\left[-1;1\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow y=f\left(t\right)=4t^2-3t-1\)
Xét hàm \(f\left(t\right)\) trên \(\left[-1;1\right]\)
\(-\dfrac{b}{2a}=\dfrac{3}{8}\in\left[-1;1\right]\)
\(f\left(-1\right)=6\) ; \(f\left(\dfrac{3}{8}\right)=-\dfrac{25}{16}\) ; \(f\left(1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow y_{min}=-\dfrac{25}{16}\) khi \(sinx=\dfrac{3}{8}\)
\(y_{max}=6\) khi \(sinx=-1\)
\(y=\sin^4x+\cos^4x\\ =1-2\sin^2x\cdot\cos^2x\\ =1-\dfrac{1}{2}\sin^22x\\ 0\le\sin^22x\le1\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\le y\le1\\ y_{min}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\sin^22x=1\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\pm\dfrac{\pi}{4}\\ y_{max}=1\Leftrightarrow\sin^22x=0\Leftrightarrow x=k\pi\)
\(y=3\sin x+4\cos x\\ =5\left(\dfrac{3\sin x}{5}+\dfrac{4\cos x}{5}\right)\\ =5\cos\left(x-a\right),\forall\cos a=\dfrac{4}{5},\sin a=\dfrac{3}{5}\\ -1\le\cos\left(x-a\right)\le1\\ \Leftrightarrow-5\le y\le5\\ y_{min}=-5\Leftrightarrow\cos\left(x-a\right)=-1\\ y_{max}=5\Leftrightarrow\cos\left(x-a\right)=1\)
1.
\(y=\frac{1}{2}sin2x-1\)
Do \(-1\le sin2x\le1\Rightarrow-\frac{3}{2}\le y\le-\frac{1}{2}\)
\(y_{min}=-\frac{3}{2}\) ; \(y_{max}=-\frac{1}{2}\)
2.
\(y=5+5\left(\frac{4}{5}cosx-\frac{3}{5}sinx\right)=5+5cos\left(x+a\right)\) với \(cosa=\frac{4}{5}\)
Do \(-1\le cos\left(x+a\right)\le1\Rightarrow0\le y\le10\)
\(y_{min}=0\) ; \(y_{max}=10\)