tính nồng độ phần trăm của dung dịch tọa thành khi hòa tan :
1/ 39g Kali vào 362g nước
2/200g So3 vào 1 lít dung dịch H2SO4 17% (D = 1,12 G/ML)
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nK = 39 / 39=1 (mol)
Pt: 2K + 2H2O --> 2KOH + H2
1 mol--------------------------> 0,5 mol
mH2 = 0,5 . 2 = 1 (g)
mdd = mK + mnước - mH2 = 39 + 362 - 1 = 400 (g)
C% dd KOH = 39/400.100%=9,75%
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SO3 + H2O \(\rightarrow\) H2SO4
nSO3=\(\dfrac{200}{80}=2,5\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH ta có:
nSO3=nH2SO4=2,5(mol)
mH2SO4=98.2,5=245(g)
mdd H2SO4 17 % =1000.1,12=1120(g)
mH2SO4trong dd=1120.\(\dfrac{17}{100}=190,4\left(g\right)\)
C% dd H2SO4 =\(\dfrac{245+190,4}{1120+200}.100\%=33\%\)
1)
$n_{Na_2O} = \dfrac{6,2}{62} = 0,1(mol)$
$Na_2O + H_2O \to 2NaOH$
$n_{NaOH} = 2n_{Na_2O} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{dd} = 6,2 + 193,8 = 200(gam) \Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH} = \dfrac{0,2.40}{200}.100\% = 4\%$
2)
$n_{K_2O} = \dfrac{23,5}{94} = 0,25(mol)$
$K_2O + H_2O \to 2KOH$
$n_{KOH} = 2n_{K_2O} = 0,5(mol) \Rightarrow C_{M_{KOH}} = \dfrac{0,5}{0,5} = 1M$
3) $n_{Na_2O} = \dfrac{12,4}{62} = 0,2(mol)$
$Na_2O + H_2O \to 2NaOH$
$n_{NaOH} = 2n_{Na_2O} = 0,4(mol)$
$C_{M_{NaOH}} = \dfrac{0,4}{0,5} =0,8M$
4)
$Na_2SO_3 + 2HCl \to 2NaCl +S O_2 + H_2O$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{SO_2} = n_{Na_2SO_3} = \dfrac{12,6}{126} = 0,1(mol)$
$V_{SO_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)$
5) $n_{CaO} = \dfrac{5,6}{56} = 0,1(mol)$
$CaO + 2HCl \to CaCl_2 + H_2O$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{CaO} = 0,2(mol) \Rightarrow m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,2.36,5}{14,6\%} = 50(gam)$
\(n_{SO_3}=\dfrac{200}{80}=2.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=1000\cdot1.12=1120\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=1120\cdot17\%=190.4\left(g\right)\)
\(SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\)
\(2.5.....................2.5\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=2.5\cdot98+190.4=435.4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=200+1120=1320\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{435.4}{1320}\cdot100\%=33\%\)
$SO_3 + H_2O \to H_2SO_4$
$n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{SO_3} = \dfrac{200}{80} = 2,5(mol)$
$m_{dd\ H_2SO_4\ 17\%} =1000.1,12 = 1120(gam)$
Sau khi pha :
$m_{dd} = 200 + 1120 = 1320(gam)$
$m_{H_2SO_4} = 1120.17\% + 2,5.98 = 435,4(gam)$
$C\%_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{435,4}{1320}.100\% = 33\%$
SO3 + H2O = H2SO4
(32+3*16)= 80........(2+32+4*16)=98
200g.......................x(g)
x= (200 * 98) / 80 = 245g
khoi luong dd H2SO4 truoc phan ung la: m = d * v = 1.12 * 1000 = 1120g
khoi luong H2SO4 truoc pu la: m = (1120 * 17) / 100 = 190.4g
khoi luong H2SO4 sau pu la: m = 190.4 + 245 = 435.4g
khoi luong dd H2SO4 sau pu la: m = 1120 + 200 = 1320g
C% cua dd thu duoc la: C%= ( 435.4 / 1320) *100 = 32.985%
.......SO3 + H2O = H2SO4
(32+3*16)= 80........(2+32+4*16)=98
200g.......................x(g)
x= (200 * 98) / 80 = 245g
khoi luong dd H2SO4 truoc phan ung la: m = d * v = 1.12 * 1000 = 1120g
khoi luong H2SO4 truoc pu la: m = (1120 * 17) / 100 = 190.4g
khoi luong H2SO4 sau pu la: m = 190.4 + 245 = 435.4g
khoi luong dd H2SO4 sau pu la: m = 1120 + 200 = 1320g
C% cua dd thu duoc la: C%= ( 435.4 / 1320) *100 = 32.985%
a, \(C\%_{KCl}=\dfrac{20}{20+60}.100\%=25\%\)
b, \(C\%=\dfrac{40}{40+150}.100\%\approx21,05\%\)
c, \(C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{60}{60+240}.100\%=20\%\)
d, \(C\%_{NaNO_3}=\dfrac{30}{30+90}.100\%=25\%\)
e, \(m_{NaCl}=150.60\%=90\left(g\right)\)
f, \(m_{ddA}=\dfrac{25}{10\%}=250\left(g\right)\)
g, \(n_{NaOH}=120.20\%=24\left(g\right)\)
Gọi: nNaOH (thêm vào) = a (g)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+24}{a+120}.100\%=25\%\Rightarrow a=8\left(g\right)\)
\(SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\)
\(n_{SO_3}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{SO_3}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,15.98}{12+100}.100\%=13,125\%\)
Câu 1:
nK = \(\dfrac{39}{39}=1\) mol
Pt: 2K + 2H2O --> 2KOH + H2
1 mol--------------------------> 0,5 mol
mH2 = 0,5 . 2 = 1 (g)
mdd = mK + mnước - mH2 = 39 + 362 - 1 = 400 (g)
C% dd KOH = \(\dfrac{39}{400}.100\%=9,75\%\)
Câu 2:
Đổi: 1 lít = 1000 ml
mdd H2SO4 = \(1000\times1,12=1120\left(g\right)\)
mH2SO4 = \(\dfrac{1120\times17}{100}=190,4\left(g\right)\)
=> mH2O = 1120 - 190,4 = 929,6 (g)
=> nH2O = \(\dfrac{929,6}{18}=51,64\) mol
nSO3 = \(\dfrac{200}{80}=2,5\) mol => nước dư
Pt: SO3 + H2O --> H2SO4 (1)
...2,5 mol----------> 2,5 mol
mH2SO4 (1) = 2,5 . 98 = 245 (g)
mH2SO4 sau khi hòa tan =245 + 190,4 = 435,4 (g)
mdd = 1120 + 200 = 1320 (g)
C% = \(\dfrac{435,4}{1320}.100\%=33\%\)