Cho x,y,z > 0. CMR:
\(\frac{x}{2x+y}\) + \(\frac{y}{2y+z}\) + \(\frac{z}{2z+x}\) \(\le\) 1
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\(\frac{1}{x^4}+\frac{1}{y^4}=\frac{x^2}{x^6}+\frac{1}{y^4}\ge\frac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{x^6+y^4}\ge\frac{4x}{x^6+y^4}\)
tương tự
\(\frac{1}{y^4}+\frac{1}{z^4}\ge\frac{4y}{y^6+z^4}\);
\(\frac{1}{z^4}+\frac{1}{x^4}\ge\frac{4z}{z^6+x^4}\);
cộng vế với vế => đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z=1
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz : \(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{c^2}{d}\ge\frac{\left(a+c\right)^2}{b+d}\)
\(\frac{1}{x^4}+\frac{1}{y^4}=\frac{x^2}{x^6}+\frac{1^2}{y^4}\ge\frac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{x^6+y^4}\ge\frac{4x}{x^6+y^4}\)(\(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4a\))
Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{y^4}+\frac{1}{z^4}\ge\frac{4y}{y^6+z^4};\frac{1}{z^4}+\frac{1}{x^4}\ge\frac{4z}{z^6+x^4}\)
\(\Rightarrow2.\left(\frac{1}{x^4}+\frac{1}{y^4}+\frac{1}{z^4}\right)\ge4\left(\frac{x}{x^6+y^4}+\frac{y}{y^6+z^4}+\frac{z}{z^6+x^4}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^4}+\frac{1}{y^4}+\frac{1}{z^4}\ge\frac{2x}{x^6+y^4}+\frac{2y}{y^6+z^4}+\frac{2z}{z^6+x^4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=z=1\)
với x,y,z >0 áp dụng bđt cosi ta có:
\(x^6+y^4>=2\sqrt{x^6y^4}=2x^3y^2\Rightarrow\frac{2x}{x^6+y^4}< =\frac{2x}{2x^3y^2}=\frac{1}{x^2y^2}\)
\(y^6+z^4>=2\sqrt{y^6z^4}=2y^3z^2\Rightarrow\frac{2y}{y^6+z^4}< =\frac{2y}{2y^3z^2}=\frac{1}{y^2z^2}\)
\(z^6+x^4>=2\sqrt{z^6x^4}=2z^3x^2\Rightarrow\frac{2z}{z^6+x^4}< =\frac{2z}{2z^3x^2}=\frac{1}{z^2x^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2x}{x^6+y^4}+\frac{2y}{y^6+z^4}+\frac{2z}{z^6+x^4}< =\frac{1}{x^2y^2}+\frac{1}{y^2z^2}+\frac{1}{z^2x^2}\left(1\right)\)
với x,y,z>0 áp dụng bđt cosi ta có:
\(\frac{1}{x^4}+\frac{1}{y^4}>=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{x^4}\cdot\frac{1}{y^4}}=\frac{2}{x^2y^2}\)
\(\frac{1}{y^4}+\frac{1}{z^4}>=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{y^4}\cdot\frac{1}{z^4}}=\frac{2}{y^2z^2}\)
\(\frac{1}{x^4}+\frac{1}{z^4}>=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{x^4}\cdot\frac{1}{z^4}}=\frac{2}{x^2z^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{x^4}+\frac{2}{y^4}+\frac{2}{z^4}>=\frac{2}{x^2y^2}+\frac{2}{y^2z^2}+\frac{2}{x^2z^2}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^4}+\frac{1}{y^4}+\frac{1}{z^4}>=\frac{1}{x^2y^2}+\frac{1}{y^2z^2}+\frac{1}{x^2z^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^2y^2}+\frac{1}{y^2z^2}+\frac{1}{x^2z^2}< =\frac{1}{x^4}+\frac{1}{y^4}+\frac{1}{z^4}\left(2\right)\)
từ \(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\frac{2x}{x^6+y^4}+\frac{2x}{y^6+z^4}+\frac{2x}{z^6+x^4}< =\frac{1}{x^4}+\frac{1}{y^4}+\frac{1}{z^4}\)(đpcm)
dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=z=1
áp dụng bđt schwarts ta có:
\(\frac{1}{2x+1}+\frac{1}{2y+1}+\frac{1}{2z+1}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{2x+2y+2z+3}\ge\frac{9}{7}\)
\(\Rightarrow1-\frac{1}{2x+1}+1-\frac{1}{2y+1}+1-\frac{1}{2z+1}\le3-\frac{9}{7}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2x}{2x+1}+\frac{2y}{2y+1}+\frac{2z}{2z+1}\le\frac{12}{7}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{2x+1}+\frac{y}{2y+1}+\frac{z}{2z+1}\le\frac{6}{7}\left(Q.E.D\right)\)
dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=z=2/3
\(\frac{x}{2x+y+z}=\frac{x}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+z\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}\right)\)
\(\frac{y}{2y+x+z}=\frac{y}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{y}{y+z}\right)\)
\(\frac{z}{2z+x+y}=\frac{z}{\left(x+z\right)+\left(y+z\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{z}{x+z}+\frac{z}{y+z}\right)\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(\frac{x}{2x+y+z}+\frac{y}{2y+x+z}+\frac{z}{2z+x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{y}{y+z}+\frac{z}{y+z}+\frac{x}{x+z}+\frac{z}{x+z}\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x+y+z=a\\2y+z+x=b\\2z+x+y=c\end{cases}}\Rightarrow a+b+c=4\left(x+y+z\right)=\)
\(4\left(a-x\right)=4\left(b-y\right)=4\left(c-z\right)\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}4x=3a-b-c\\4y=3b-c-a\\4z=3c-a-b\end{cases}}\)
Lúc đó thì \(4VT=\frac{3a-b-c}{a}+\frac{3b-c-a}{b}+\frac{3c-a-b}{c}\)
\(=3-\frac{b}{a}-\frac{c}{a}+3-\frac{c}{b}-\frac{a}{b}+3-\frac{a}{c}-\frac{b}{c}\)
\(=9-\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)-\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\right)-\left(\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{c}\right)\le3\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{3}{4}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c hay x = y = z
Có : (a-b)^2>=0
<=> a^2+b^2-2ab >=0
<=>a^2+b^2 >= 2ab
<=>a^2+b^2+2ab >= 4ab
<=> (a+b)^2 >= 4ab
Với a,b >0 thì chia cả 2 vế cho (a+b).ab thì :
a+b/ab >= 4/a+b
<=>4/a+b <= 1/a+1/b
<=> 1/a+b <= 1/4.(1/a+1/b) ( với mọi a,b > 0 )
Áp dụng bđt trên cho x;y;z > 0 thì : x/2x+y+z = x. 1/(x+y)+(z+x) <= x/4 .( 1/x+y+1/x+z) = x/4.(x+y) + x/4.(x+z)
Tương tự : y/x+2y+z <= y/4.(y+x) + y/4.(y+z)
z/x+y+2z <= z/4.(z+x) + z/4.(z+y)
=> VT <= [ x/4.(x+y) + y/4.(y+x) ] + [ y/4.(y+z) + z/4.(z+y) ] + [ z/4.(z+x) + x/4.(x+z) ] = 1/4 + 1/4 + 1/4 = 3/4
=> ĐPCM
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z > 0
k mk nha
áp dụng BĐT \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\) với mọi a,b >0
Thì \(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}\ge\frac{4x}{2x+y+z}\)
Tương tự thì đpcm
Cách này nhanh này thành đơ
Ta có: \(\frac{x}{2x+y}+\frac{y}{2y+z}+\frac{z}{2z+x}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{y}{4x+2y}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{z}{4y+2z}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{x}{4z+2x}\)
\(=\frac{3}{2}-\left(\frac{y^2}{4xy+2y^2}+\frac{z^2}{4yz+2z^2}+\frac{x^2}{4zx+2x^2}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{3}{2}-\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2x^2+2y^2+2z^2+4xy+4yz+4zx}\)
\(=\frac{3}{2}-\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=\frac{3}{2}-\frac{1}{2}=1\)