1. He didn’t come because he was sick.
He didn’t come because of ……………………………………………………………………………..
2. The train was late because the fog was thick.
Because of ……………………………………………………………………………………………...
3. The plane couldn’t take off because the weather was bad.
Because of ……………………………………………………………………………………………...
4. She stay at home because her mother was sick.
Because of ……………………………………………………………………………………………...
5. All the teachers love him because his conduct is good.
Because of ……………………………………………………………………………………………...
6. We couldn’t study because it was noisy.
Because of……………………………………………………………………………………………...
7. Mary can’t sleep because there was the noise.
Because of ……………………………………………………………………………………………...
8. His wife usually gives him a list because he often forgets things.
Because of ……………………………………………………………………………………………...
9. He left school because his life was hard.
Because of ……………………………………………………………………………………………...
10. Because he got up early, he wasn’t late for the first train.
Because of ……………………………………………………………………………………………...
11. Nick is often punished because he is lazy.
Because of ……………………………………………………………………………………………...
12. Karen works on Sundays because she gets paid extra.
Because of ……………………………………………………………………………………………...
13. We didn’t go fishing because the water was rough.
Because of ……………………………………………………………………………………………...
14. Because there were the obstacles, the building didn’t go along as planed.
Because of ……………………………………………………………………………………………...
15. Although she was ill, she went to school.
In spite of ……………………………………………………………………………………………...
16. She didn’t eat much though she was hungry.
Despite …………………………………………………………………………………………….......
17. I accepted the job although the salary was low.
In spite of…….. ………………………………………………………………………………………..
18. He didn’t leave school even though his family was poor.
Despite ……………………………………………………………………………………………........
19. The flight was not delayed though it was foggy.
Despite …………………………………………………………………………………………….......
20. Even though it was cold, I went swimming.
In spite of ……………………………………………………………………………………………...
21. These students didn’t arrive late although there was the traffic jam.
Despite …………………………………………………………………………………………….......
22. She didn’t get ill though she worked very hard.
In spite of……………………………………………………………………………………………...
23. Though he had much experience, he didn’t succeed in repairing the machine.
Despite …………………………………………………………………………………………….......
24. Though Kid has failed so often, he has never been disappointed.
Despite …………………………………………………………………………………………….......
25. Though I hadn’t eaten anything for 24 hours, I didn’t feel hungry.
In spite of ……………………………………………………………………………………………...
26. He ate all the fruits though they were green.
He ate all the fruits despite ……………………………………………………………………………
27. Although he hadn’t finished the paper, he went to sleep.
Despite …………………………………………………………………………………………….......
28. Although the streets are narrow, many people drive cars in this city.
In spite of ……………………………………………………………………………………………...
29. Although he is strong, I’m not afraid of him.
In spite of ……………………………………………………………………………………………...
30. I can sleep although it is hot.
In spite of ……………………………………………………………………………………………...
31. He always studies hard though he encounters difficulties.
Despite …………………………………………………………………………………………….......
32. Although it got dark, they continued to work.
In spite of ……………………………………………………………………………………………...
33. Although he’s got an English name, he is in fact German.
Despite. …………………………………………………………………………………………….......
34. We bought the house though its rooms were small.
We bought the house despite …………………………………………………………………………..
35. Although he had planed everything carefully, a lot of things went wrong.
Despite …………………………………………………………………………………………….......
36. Although the prices are high, my daughters insist on going to the movie.
Despite …………………………………………………………………………………………….......
37. Although they study hard, they can’t get good marks.
In spite of ……………………………………………………………………
Exercise 5: Rewrite the sentences, using because/because of
1. He didn’t come because of his sickness.
=>He didn’t come because he was sick
2. The train was late because the fog was thick.
=>The train was late because of the thick fog
3. The plane couldn’t take off because of the bad weather.
=>The plane couldn’t take off because the weather was bad
4. He left the school because his family was poor.
=> He left the school because of his poor family
5. We couldn’t study because of the noise.
=>We couldn’t study because it was noisy
6. I didn’t go swimming because it was cold.
=> I didn’t go swimming because of the cold
7. These students arrive late because of the bad traffic.
=>These students arrive late because the traffic is bad
8. Mary can’t sleep because she has drunk a cup of strong coffee.
=>Mary can’t sleep because of drinking a cup of strong coffee.
9. Because of getting up early, he wasn’t late for the first train.
=>Because he got up early, he wasn’t late for the first train.
10. He was accepted for the job because he had much experience.
=>He was accepted for the job because of having much experience.
Exercise 6: Rewrite the sentences, using because/because of
1. Kevin has failed many times, so he disappointed.
=> Because Kevin has failed many times, he disappointed.
2. I had not eaten for 24 hours. I was very hungry.
=> Because I had not eaten for 24 hours, I was very hungry.
3. He ate all the fruits. The fruits were ripe.
=> He ate all the fruits because they were ripe.
4. He hadn’t finished the letter. He didn’t go to sleep.
=> Because he hadn’t finished the letter, he didn’t go to sleep.
5. He is dismissed. He was late for the work very often.
=>He is dismissed because of being late for the work very often.
6. He drove too fast. He caused a serious accident.
=> Because of driving too fast, he caused a serious accident.
7. The streets are narrow, so there are not many people driving cars in this city.
=> Because the streets are narrow, there are not many people driving cars in this city.
8. The test was so difficult that I couldn’t do it.
=> Because the test was so difficult, I couldn’t do it.
9. I don’t know Russian. I have to have my document translated into Russian.
=> Because I don’t know Russian, I have to have my document translated into Russian.
10. The children had an accident. They went to school late.
=>The children had an accident because of going to school late.
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