chứng minh rằng:\(\dfrac{1}{3\left(\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{5\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{7\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)}+...+\dfrac{1}{97\left(\sqrt{48}+\sqrt{49}\right)}< \dfrac{3}{7}\)
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\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{k}+\sqrt{k+1}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{k}-\sqrt{k+1}}{k-k-1}=\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\\ \Leftrightarrow\text{Đặt}\text{ }A=\dfrac{1}{3\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{1}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{5\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)}+...+\dfrac{1}{4021\left(\sqrt{2011}+\sqrt{2010}\right)}< \dfrac{1}{2\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{1}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)}+...+\dfrac{1}{2\left(\sqrt{2011}+\sqrt{2010}\right)}\\ \Leftrightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2011}+\sqrt{2010}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{2}\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+...+\sqrt{2011}-\sqrt{2010}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{2}\left(\sqrt{2011}-1\right)< \dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{2011}-1}{\sqrt{2011}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}\right)\)
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TQ:\(S_n=\dfrac{1}{\left(n+n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{n+\left(n+1\right)}\)
Mà theo AM-GM:\(n+\left(n+1\right)\ge2\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow S_n\le\dfrac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{2\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
Áp dụng:\(S< \dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{48}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{49}}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{7}\right)=\dfrac{6}{14}=\dfrac{3}{7}\)
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a: \(\left(18\dfrac{1}{3}:\sqrt{225}+8\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot\sqrt{\dfrac{49}{4}}\right):\left[\left(12\dfrac{1}{3}+8\dfrac{6}{7}\right)-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{7}\right)^2}{\left(3\sqrt{2}\right)^2}\right]:\dfrac{1704}{445}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{55}{3}:15+\dfrac{26}{3}\cdot\dfrac{7}{4}\right):\left[\left(12+\dfrac{1}{3}+8+\dfrac{6}{7}\right)-\dfrac{7}{18}\right]\cdot\dfrac{445}{1704}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{55}{45}+\dfrac{91}{6}\right):\left[20+\dfrac{101}{126}\right]\cdot\dfrac{445}{1704}\)
\(=\dfrac{295}{18}:\dfrac{2621}{126}\cdot\dfrac{445}{1704}\)
\(=\dfrac{295}{18}\cdot\dfrac{126}{2621}\cdot\dfrac{445}{1704}\simeq0,21\)
b: \(\dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99\cdot100}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{100}=\dfrac{99}{100}\)
c: \(\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\cdot...\cdot\left(1-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot...\cdot\dfrac{n}{n+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{n+1}\)
d: \(-66\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{11}\right)+124\cdot\left(-37\right)+63\cdot\left(-124\right)\)
\(=-66\cdot\dfrac{33-22+6}{66}+124\left(-37-63\right)\)
\(=-17-12400=-12417\)
e: \(\dfrac{7}{4}\left(\dfrac{33}{12}+\dfrac{3333}{2020}+\dfrac{333333}{303030}+\dfrac{33333333}{42424242}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{4}\left(\dfrac{33}{12}+\dfrac{33}{20}+\dfrac{33}{30}+\dfrac{33}{42}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{4}\cdot33\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{20}+\dfrac{1}{30}+\dfrac{1}{42}\right)\)
\(=33\cdot\dfrac{7}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{7}\right)\)
\(=33\cdot\dfrac{7}{4}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{7}\right)\)
\(=33\cdot\dfrac{7}{4}\cdot\dfrac{4}{21}=\dfrac{33\cdot1}{3}=11\)
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a: \(=\sqrt{5}+2+\sqrt{3}+1-\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}=3\)
b: \(=\left(-\sqrt{5}-2+\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)\cdot\left(2\sqrt{3}+3\right)\)
\(=-\sqrt{3}\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)\cdot\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)\)
\(=-\sqrt{3}\left(7+4\sqrt{3}\right)=-7\sqrt{3}-12\)
c: \(=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+2}{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+2\right)+\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{2}-1\)
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\(\left(4-\sqrt{7}\right)^2=4^2-2\cdot4\cdot\sqrt{7}+7\)
\(=16-8\sqrt{7}+7=23-8\sqrt{7}\)
\(\sqrt{9-4\sqrt{5}}-\sqrt{5}\)
\(=\sqrt{5-2\cdot\sqrt{5}\cdot2+4}-\sqrt{5}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)^2}-\sqrt{5}\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{5}-2\right|-\sqrt{5}\)
\(=\sqrt{5}-2-\sqrt{5}=-2\)
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}}{1+\sqrt{2}}:\dfrac{\sqrt{2}-1}{\sqrt{3}+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3-2\cdot\sqrt{3}\cdot1+1}}{\sqrt{2}+1}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1}{\sqrt{2}-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}}{\sqrt{2}+1}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1}{\sqrt{2}-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)}=\dfrac{3-1}{2-1}=2\)
\(\left(\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{8}-2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{216}}{3}\right)\cdot\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{6}\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)}{2\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)}-\dfrac{6\sqrt{6}}{3}\right)\cdot\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{6}-2\sqrt{6}\right)\cdot\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}-2=-\dfrac{3}{2}=-1,5\)
Bạn tham khảo câu số 9:
mọi người giúp em mấy bài này với ạ =((( - Hoc24