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a)Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2=x+y+2\sqrt{xy}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\cdot2\sqrt{xy}}=VP\)
Xảy ra khi \(x=y\)
b)\(BDT\Leftrightarrow x+y+z+t\ge4\sqrt[4]{xyzt}\)
Đúng với AM-GM 4 số
Xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=t\)
a) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số không âm , ta có:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)
b) Xét hiệu:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}-2=\dfrac{a^2+b^2-2ab}{ab}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab}\ge0\) ( luôn đúng)
=> \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge2\)
a) a + b ≥ 2\(\sqrt{ab}\) ( a > 0 ; b > 0 )
⇔ a - 2\(\sqrt{ab}\) + b ≥ 0
⇔ \(\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\) ≥ 0 ( luôn đúng )
b) Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si :
x2 + y2 ≥ 2xy ( x > 0 ; y > 0)
⇒ a2 + b2 ≥ 2ab ( a > 0 ; b > 0)
⇔ \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{ab}\) ≥ 2
⇔\(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\) ≥ 2
Bạn tham khảo lời giải tại đây:
https://hoc24.vn/cau-hoi/voi-0-xy-dfrac12-chung-minhdfracsqrtxy1dfracsqrtyx1-dfrac2sqrt23.461470553384
Lời giải:
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương với:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-2\right)\geq 2\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{a+b}{ab}-\frac{a^2+b^2}{ab}\geq 2\sqrt{2}-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{a+b-1}{ab}\geq 2\sqrt{2}-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{\sqrt{2ab+1}-1}{ab}\geq 2\sqrt{2}-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{2ab}{ab(\sqrt{2ab+1}+1}\geq 2\sqrt{2}-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{\sqrt{2ab+1}+1}\geq \sqrt{2}-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{2ab+1}+1\leq \sqrt{2}+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\leq \frac{1}{2}\leftrightarrow 2ab\leq 1\Leftrightarrow 2ab\leq a^2+b^2\) (luôn đúng theo AM-GM)
Do đó ta có đpcm.
Lời giải:
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương với:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-2\right)\geq 2\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{a+b}{ab}-\frac{a^2+b^2}{ab}\geq 2\sqrt{2}-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{a+b-1}{ab}\geq 2\sqrt{2}-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{\sqrt{2ab+1}-1}{ab}\geq 2\sqrt{2}-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{2ab}{ab(\sqrt{2ab+1}+1}\geq 2\sqrt{2}-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{\sqrt{2ab+1}+1}\geq \sqrt{2}-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{2ab+1}+1\leq \sqrt{2}+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\leq \frac{1}{2}\leftrightarrow 2ab\leq 1\Leftrightarrow 2ab\leq a^2+b^2\) (luôn đúng theo AM-GM)
Do đó ta có đpcm.
Theo BĐT AM-GM :
\(\sqrt{b}=\sqrt{b\cdot1}\le\frac{b+1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{\sqrt{b}}\ge\frac{a}{\frac{b+1}{2}}=\frac{2a}{b+1}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow b=1\)
+ Tương tự ta cm đc :
\(\frac{b}{\sqrt{c}}\ge\frac{2b}{c+1}\). Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow c=1\)
\(\frac{c}{\sqrt{a}}\ge\frac{2c}{a+1}\). Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=1\)
Do đó : \(\frac{a}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{c}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{a}}\ge2\left(\frac{a}{b+1}+\frac{b}{c+}+\frac{c}{a+1}\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
\(M=\dfrac{yz\sqrt{x-1}+xz\sqrt{y-2}+xy\sqrt{z-3}}{xyz}\)
\(=\dfrac{yz\sqrt{x-1}}{xyz}+\dfrac{xz\sqrt{y-2}}{xyz}+\dfrac{xy\sqrt{z-3}}{xyz}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x-1}}{x}+\dfrac{\sqrt{y-2}}{y}+\dfrac{\sqrt{z-3}}{z}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\sqrt{x-1}\le\dfrac{1+x-1}{2}=\dfrac{x}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x-1}}{x}\le\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{y-2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2\left(y-2\right)}}{\sqrt{2}}\le\dfrac{y}{2\sqrt{2}}\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{y-2}}{y}\le\dfrac{y}{2\sqrt{2}}\cdot\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
\(\sqrt{z-3}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3\left(z-3\right)}}{\sqrt{3}}\le\dfrac{z}{2\sqrt{3}}\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{z-3}}{z}\le\dfrac{z}{2\sqrt{3}}\cdot\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(M\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)\) (ĐPCM)
\(\sqrt{a^2+ab+2b^2}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{3}{4}a+\frac{5}{4}b\right)^2+\frac{7}{16}\left(a-b\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(\frac{3}{4}a+\frac{5}{4}b\right)^2}=\frac{3a+5b}{4}\)
Tương tự \(\sqrt{b^2+2c^2+bc}\ge\frac{3b+5c}{4};\sqrt{c^2+2a^2+ca}\ge\frac{3c+5a}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a^2+ab+2b^2}+\sqrt{b^2+2c^2+bc}+\sqrt{c^2+2a^2+ca}\ge\frac{3a+5b+3b+5c+3c+5a}{4}\)
\(=2\left(a+b+c\right)\left(đpcm\right)\)
Đk: \(-1< x< 1\)
Ta có \(2\sqrt{2022\left(1-x^2\right)}\le2023-x^2\)
Nếu \(0\le x< 1\) thì \(x\left(x+2021\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2021x\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2023-x^2\le2021x+2023\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(2\sqrt{2022\left(1-x^2\right)}\le2023-x^2\le2021x+2023\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{2022}\le\dfrac{2021x+2023}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2022=1-x^2\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\), vô lý.
Vậy nếu \(0\le x< 1\) thì BĐT đúng.
Xét \(-1< x< 0\) thì đặt \(x=-t\left(0< t< 1\right)\).
BĐT cần chứng minh \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2023-2021t}{\sqrt{1-t^2}}\ge2\sqrt{2022}\)
Ta có \(2023-2021t\)
\(=2022-2022t+1+t\)
\(=2022\left(1-t\right)+\left(1+t\right)\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{2022\left(1-t\right)\left(1+t\right)}\)
\(=2\sqrt{2022\left(1-t^2\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2023-2021t}{\sqrt{1-t^2}}\ge2\sqrt{2022}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow2022-2022t=1+t\) \(\Leftrightarrow t=\dfrac{2021}{2023}\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{2021}{2023}\)
Vậy ta có đpcm. Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{2021}{2023}\)
Trường hợp \(x\) = - \(\dfrac{2020}{2021}\) thì sao em nhỉ?